1. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS |
1.1. | Purpose of this report |
1.2. | Conclusions |
1.2.1. | Primary conclusions |
1.2.2. | Positive impacts driving supercapacitor sales 2020-2030 |
1.2.3. | Threats to lithium-ion may benefit supercapacitors. |
1.2.4. | Negative impacts on future supercapacitor sales |
1.3. | Definitions |
1.3.1. | Capacitor and supercapacitor |
1.3.2. | Hybrid supercapacitor |
1.3.3. | Pseudocapacitor |
1.4. | Device active structures and gaps in the market |
1.5. | Key parameters impacting sales of supercapacitors 2020-2040 |
1.6. | Structural supercapacitors ZapGo, Lamborghini Terzo Millennio and others |
1.7. | Market forecasts |
1.7.1. | Supercapacitor value market 2019-2030 |
1.7.2. | Largest sector: 48V mild hybrid cars 2019-2030 |
1.7.3. | Car and bus market number thousand 2019-2029 |
1.7.4. | Car and bus market value $ billion 2019-2029 |
1.7.5. | Car and light commercial vehicle market 1950 - 2050 |
1.7.6. | Wind turbine capacity globally 2000-2021: losing to solar |
2. | INTRODUCTION |
2.1. | The simple explanation of function |
2.1.1. | Capacitor vs battery |
2.1.2. | What is a supercapacitor? |
2.2. | Supercapacitor key benefits and market positioning |
2.2.1. | Supercapacitors are good at extremes |
2.2.2. | Three competitive market positions |
2.2.3. | System level analysis is important |
2.3. | Detailed comparison |
2.3.1. | 24 parameters |
2.3.2. | Closer look at discharging parameters |
2.3.3. | Examples compared from different manufacturers of supercapacitors |
2.3.4. | Could the supercapacitor picture sharply improve? Yes |
2.4. | Leading supercapacitor manufacturers compared |
2.5. | Production supercapacitors and derivatives power vs energy density 2019 |
2.6. | The dream for production supercapacitors and their derivatives: power & energy |
2.7. | The dream for production supercapacitors and their derivatives: other planned benefits |
2.8. | Even better batteries and supercapacitors a real prospect |
2.9. | Spectrum of benefits: capacitor to battery 2019 |
2.10. | Relative merits of two options for increasing supercapacitor energy density |
2.11. | Increasing power density: NAWA Technologies |
2.12. | Patent activity and Google Trends |
2.13. | Roadmap of improvements and markets resulting |
2.14. | Supercapacitors and the moveable city |
3. | APPLICATIONS OVERVIEW |
3.1. | Three main market segments |
3.1.1. | Main segments |
3.1.2. | Market segmentation by module farad |
3.2. | Existing automotive applications details |
3.3. | Existing non-automotive applications |
3.4. | Medium term applications: examples |
3.5. | Energy management in fluctuating power demand systems |
3.6. | US Army railgun |
3.7. | Supercapacitor applications in aerospace |
4. | SUPERCAPACITORS IN ELECTRONICS AND PORTABLE DEVICES |
4.1. | Panasonic view |
4.2. | Supercapacitor potential in smart and portable devices |
4.3. | Photo-copying machines |
4.4. | Wireless Sensor Networks WSN and consumer products |
4.5. | Micro-supercapacitors |
4.6. | Handheld products - fast, frequent charging |
4.7. | Improved DC DC converters |
5. | SUPERCAPACITORS IN AUTOMOTIVE, LIGHT TRAINS AND BOATS |
5.1. | Supercapacitors in the automotive sector |
5.1.1. | Important examples |
5.1.2. | Supercapacitors in the automotive sector: examples |
5.2. | Powertrain options |
5.3. | Voltage increase |
5.4. | Start-stop systems - micro hybrids |
5.4.1. | Basic principles |
5.4.2. | Continental - a success story |
5.5. | Mild hybrids: energy recovery and peak shaving |
5.5.1. | Supercapacitors for mild hybrid cars and trucks: energy recovery and peak shaving |
5.6. | Campers |
5.7. | Power at the point of demand |
5.8. | Electronic Controlled Brake |
5.9. | Regeneration Mazda Japan |
5.10. | Battery replacement in full hybrid: Toyota Yaris Hybrid-R |
5.11. | Supercapacitors in the future - Structural Energy Storage |
5.12. | Fast charging shuttle- ZapGo |
5.13. | Replacing batteries on fuel cells for fast charge/ discharge |
5.14. | Buses: primary traction, start and chargers |
5.14.1. | Fast charge: ABB TOSA bus 400kW |
5.14.2. | Hybrid buses in China |
5.14.3. | Hybrid buses in Germany |
5.14.4. | Hybrid buses in the US |
5.15. | Truck cold starter Maxwell Technologies |
5.16. | Supercapacitor powered buses |
5.16.1. | Sinautec |
5.16.2. | Higer |
5.16.3. | CRRC |
5.16.4. | Ankai Automobile Company |
5.17. | Racing cars |
5.17.1. | Renault |
5.17.2. | Toyota |
5.18. | Train regeneration |
5.18.1. | Bombardier, Siemens, Cegelec, Greentech light rail and tram |
5.18.2. | Light rail: regen supercapacitors on train or trackside |
5.18.3. | Wayside Rail HESS: Frequency regulation, energy efficiency |
5.19. | Marine |
6. | SUPERCAPACITORS IN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS |
6.1. | Vehicles for construction, agriculture, mining, forestry, logistics |
6.2. | Forestry |
6.3. | Logistics |
6.3.1. | Lifting |
6.3.2. | Forklifts |
6.3.3. | Supercapacitors in port cranes |
6.4. | Construction |
6.4.1. | Kone Cranes adopts supercapacitors |
6.5. | Buildings and facilities |
6.5.1. | Building elevators |
6.5.2. | Smart Metering - AMR |
6.5.3. | Energy harvesting |
7. | SUPERCAPACITORS IN ENERGY APPLICATIONS |
7.1. | Overview |
7.2. | New generation wave power |
7.3. | New generation tidal power |
7.4. | Wind power |
7.4.1. | Wind turbine protection |
7.4.2. | Airborne Wind Energy AWE |
7.5. | Utility scale energy storage needs |
7.6. | The role of supercapacitors in the grid |
7.6.1. | Maxwell insight |
7.6.2. | Purdue and Wisconsin Universities insight |
7.6.3. | Solid Oxide Electrolyser Cell SOEC fuel cell HEES in grid |
7.6.4. | Example: Duke Energy Rankin PV intermittency smoothing + load shifting |
7.6.5. | Example: smoothing wind farm power output |
7.6.6. | Freqcon - utility-scale supercapacitors |
7.7. | Microgrids |
7.7.1. | Example: Ireland microgrid test bed |
7.7.2. | Borkum Municipality with a flagship project for energy storage - news from 2019 |
8. | LIST OF 85 CELL MANUFACTURERS, PROFILING 14 PLAYERS |
8.1. | 85 supercapacitor and derivatives cell manufacturers |
8.2. | 14 interesting players in the supercapacitor value chain |
8.2.1. | Arvio Australia |
8.2.2. | Aowei China |
8.2.3. | CAP-XX Australia |
8.2.4. | CRRC China |
8.2.5. | Eaton Corporation USA |
8.2.6. | General Capacitor USA |
8.2.7. | Ioxus USA |
8.2.8. | LSMtron (LG Electronics) Korea |
8.2.9. | Maxwell Technologies USA ( Tesla owned from 2019) |
8.2.10. | NAWA Technology France |
8.2.11. | Supreme Power Solutions (SPS) China |
8.2.12. | Sunvault USA |
8.2.13. | YES Clean Energy USA |
8.2.14. | Waikato University New Zealand research |
9. | APPENDIX - KILOWATT LABS PRESENTATION |
10. | APPENDIX - NIPPON CHEMI-CON CORPORATION PRESENTATION |