1. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY |
1.1. | Marine segments |
1.2. | Introduction |
1.3. | A hundred years in the making |
1.4. | Drivers |
1.5. | Drivers: fuel economy |
1.6. | Emissions reduction study |
1.7. | Benefits of battery technology - Summary |
1.8. | Summary of benefits |
1.9. | Fuel cost savings and ROI |
1.10. | Roadblocks to marine electrification |
1.11. | Shipping emissions |
1.12. | Forecast for electric and hybrid vessels (thousands) |
1.13. | Forecast for electric and hybrid vessels ($ billion) |
1.14. | Forecast by electric and hybrid vessel type (ferry, tugboat, OSV, industrial / trading, cruise) |
1.15. | Forecast numbers |
1.16. | Assumptions and analysis |
1.17. | Marine battery pack price forecast |
1.18. | Corvus Energy: battery deployment by vessel type |
2. | MARITIME POLICY, REGULATIONS AND TARGETS |
2.1. | Maritime regulations |
2.2. | SOx reductions more important than NOx |
2.3. | Annex VI |
2.4. | Annex VI - Sulphur |
2.5. | Low-sulphur fuel prices |
2.6. | Annex VI - NOx |
2.7. | Scrubbers |
2.8. | US seeks late change to sulphur-cap fuel rules |
2.9. | CO2 target for shipping |
2.10. | U.S. |
2.11. | Asia |
2.12. | Europe: Amsterdam zero emission canals |
3. | RECREATIONAL BOATING AND HIGH-END LEISURE |
3.1. | What is a recreational watercraft? |
3.2. | Overview of motor types |
3.3. | Recreational boat market |
3.4. | Regional outboard sales |
3.5. | ICOMIA Survey |
3.6. | Electric motor technology choices |
3.7. | Trolling motors |
3.8. | Conventional outboard companies |
3.9. | Outboard emissions |
3.10. | Torqeedo |
3.11. | Torqeedo motor range |
3.12. | Electric outboard price |
3.13. | Shaft power versus propulsive power |
3.14. | Electric propeller |
3.15. | Torqeedo storage systems |
3.16. | Outboard-powered ferry |
3.17. | Oceanvolt |
3.18. | OceanVolt motors |
3.19. | Hull efficiency zones |
3.20. | Aquawatt |
3.21. | Selected examples |
3.21.1. | Aquawatt 550 Elliniko |
3.21.2. | Duffy - 16 Sport Cat Lake Series |
3.21.3. | Savannah - superyacht |
3.21.4. | 006 Yacht |
3.21.5. | Hybrid-electric Tag 60 yacht |
4. | COMMERCIAL (NON-TRADING) |
4.1.1. | Navigating shipping terms |
4.1.2. | Electric and hybrid vessel configurations |
4.1.3. | Hybrid battery propulsion |
4.1.4. | Efficient hybrid battery propulsion |
4.1.5. | Battery propulsion |
4.1.6. | Low load is inefficient |
4.1.7. | Fuel efficiency calculation |
4.1.8. | Wartsila: hybrid engine profile |
4.2. | Offshore support vessels |
4.2.1. | Types of offshore support vessels |
4.2.2. | The uses of offshore support vessels |
4.2.3. | OSV: the global fleet |
4.2.4. | Offshore support vessel oversupply |
4.2.5. | The spike for hybrid OSVs |
4.2.6. | In the news |
4.3. | Tugboats |
4.3.1. | Tugboat definition and market size |
4.3.2. | Electric tugboat projects tracked by IDTechEx |
4.3.3. | Kotug and Corvus Energy |
4.3.4. | Tugboat operational profile |
4.4. | Fishing |
4.4.1. | High-seas fishing |
4.4.2. | Fishing in Europe |
4.4.3. | Fishing relies on subsidies |
4.4.4. | Leo Greentier Marines: electric fishing boats in Asia |
4.4.5. | Leo Greetier Marines |
4.4.6. | Cutting Norway's Emissions with Electric Fishing Boats |
4.5. | Ferries |
4.5.1. | Ferries, the addressable market |
4.5.2. | Electric and hybrid ferries: regional market share |
4.5.3. | Short routes |
4.5.4. | Ferries in Norway |
4.5.5. | Fuel economy for electric ferries |
4.5.6. | Scandlines |
4.5.7. | Scandlines timeline for electrification |
4.5.8. | Scandlines battery price |
4.5.9. | Scandlines Hybrid Ferry Inverter |
4.6. | Selected examples of e-ferry projects |
4.6.1. | Leclanché e-ferry |
4.6.2. | Supercapacitor ferry |
4.6.3. | The Prius of the Sea - battery hybrid ferry |
4.6.4. | Ampere |
4.6.5. | Corvus Energy Case Study in Norway |
4.6.6. | Green City Ferries: Innovation on Swedish waterways |
4.6.7. | Ferry Conversion: M/S Prinsesse Benedikte |
4.6.8. | HH Ferries Group conversion |
5. | INDUSTRIAL (TRADING) |
5.1.1. | Seaborne trade and the global economy |
5.1.2. | Global economy and demand for shipping |
5.1.3. | Shipbuilding is cycle |
5.1.4. | Trading vessel fleet |
5.1.5. | Shipbuilding by country 2017 |
5.1.6. | Hyundai Heavy Industries |
5.1.7. | Hyundai Heavy partners with Magna E-Car |
5.1.8. | Ship pricing |
5.1.9. | Electric and hybrid trading vessels |
5.2. | Selected examples |
5.2.1. | First electric tanker - moving beyond ferries |
5.2.2. | First pure electric container ship |
5.2.3. | 6.7MWh pure electric barges? |
6. | PROPULSION TECHNOLOGY |
6.1. | Which technologies are adopted? |
6.2. | Diesel |
6.3. | Diesel-electric or hybrid propulsion |
6.4. | Gas turbine |
6.5. | Water-jet propulsion |
6.6. | Gas fuel or tri-fuel propulsion |
6.7. | Steam turbine |
6.8. | Biofuel |
6.9. | Wind |
6.10. | Norsepower Rotor Sail Specification |
6.11. | Solar Propulsion |
7. | OVERVIEW OF BATTERY TECHNOLOGIES |
7.1. | Why are marine batteries different? |
7.2. | DNG.VL Type approval |
7.3. | Safety - pause for thought? |
7.4. | Thermal runaway |
7.5. | Orca ESS |
7.6. | Battery types: lead-acid and leapfrogging NiMH |
7.7. | The Li-ion advantage |
7.8. | Comparison of specific energy and energy density of various battery systems |
7.9. | What is a Li-ion battery (LIB)? |
7.10. | A family tree of batteries - lithium-based |
7.11. | Standard cathode materials |
7.12. | Conventional versus advanced Li-ion? |
7.13. | Li-ion battery cathodes |
7.14. | Cathode alternatives - NCA |
7.15. | Li-ion battery cathode recap |
7.16. | LTO anode -- Toshiba |
7.17. | Commercial battery packaging technologies |
7.18. | Battery packaging technologies |
7.19. | Differences between cell, module, and pack |
7.20. | Strings |
7.21. | ESS in shipping containers |
7.22. | LIB manufacturing system - from cell to module |
7.23. | Cooling systems for LIB |
7.24. | Current challenges facing Li-ion batteries |
7.25. | Li-ion challenges |
7.26. | Key marine battery suppliers |
7.27. | ESS company market share |
7.28. | Battery Chemistry Market Share |
7.29. | Marine battery pack price forecast |
7.30. | Corvus Energy |
7.31. | Corvus Energy Orca ESS |
7.32. | Second life marine batteries? |
7.33. | Corvus Energy: progress and projects by vessel type |
7.34. | Spear Power Systems |
7.35. | Spear Power Systems: choosing the right battery |
7.36. | Akasol |
7.37. | Leclanché |
7.38. | Leclanché: LTO Rack |
7.39. | Leclanché: NMC Rack |
7.40. | Xalt Energy - marine storage systems |
7.41. | Case study: XALT's ESS for a Platform Supply Vessel (PSV) |
7.42. | Saft: Seanergy |
7.43. | Saft projects in France |
7.44. | Lithium Werks |
7.45. | Valence |
7.46. | Valence product range |
7.47. | Valence Technology |
7.48. | Rolls-Royce launches new battery system to electrify ships |
7.49. | Prime Energy Systems: Diversifying into Marine |
7.50. | Danfoss Motor |
7.51. | Vebrat |
8. | SUPERCAPACITORS FOR MARINE APPLICATIONS |
8.1. | What is a supercapacitor? |
8.2. | Relative supercapacitor performance |
8.3. | Supercapacitors in shipboard power systems |
8.4. | Peak Power USS Arleigh Burke |
8.5. | Supercapacitors for emergency start in boats |
8.6. | Fuel cells and supercapacitors in vessels |
8.7. | Supercapacitor replaces battery across fuel cell |
8.8. | Lithium-ion capacitor performance in context |
8.9. | World's first supercapacitor passenger vessel |
8.10. | Supercapacitor ferry |
9. | FUEL CELLS FOR MARINE APPLICATIONS |
9.1. | Types of fuel cell |
9.2. | Fuel Cell Propulsion |
9.3. | PEM Fuel Cell |
9.4. | Biogas or electrolysis? |
9.5. | Operational cost: battery, fuel cell and diesel engine |
9.6. | Echandia Marine: the fastest fuel cell ferry |
9.7. | Fuel cells for long range |
9.8. | Redrock power systems |
9.9. | Metacon: hydrogen from biogas |
9.10. | ABB: fuel cell systems for shipping |
9.11. | Fuel cell - battery hybrid? |
9.12. | The SchIBZ - Ship integration of fuel cells |
9.13. | Application of the SchIBZ system |
9.14. | Hydrogenesis - the UK's first hydrogen fuelled ferry |
9.15. | Hydrogenesis |
9.16. | Fuel cells: a futuristic technology |
9.17. | Hydrogen future? |
10. | SELECTED EXAMPLES OF AUTONOMOUS VESSELS |
10.1. | Autonomous marine vehicles |
10.2. | Ocean Phoenix 360 |
10.3. | Yara Birkeland - first autonomous and zero emissions ship |
11. | SELECTED EXAMPLES OF ENERGY HARVESTING VESSELS |
11.1. | Energy harvesting for boats and ships |
11.2. | Energy independent ship opportunity |
11.3. | OceanVolt motors |
11.4. | Turanor PlanetSolar |
11.5. | Multiple energy harvesting coming in 'Glider' AUV surfaces |
11.6. | Liquid Robotics U.S. |
12. | LIST OF 125 C&I ELECTRIC AND HYBRID VESSEL PROJECTS TRACKED BY IDTECHEX |
12.1. | Navigating the list |