1. | INTRODUCTION |
1.1. | What are haptics? |
1.2. | How the sense of touch works |
1.3. | Types of haptics: Features |
1.4. | Types of haptics: Technology |
1.5. | Types of haptics: Applications and markets |
1.6. | Types of haptics: Examples |
1.7. | Types of haptics: Revenue and number of devices |
1.8. | The potential value-adds from haptic feedback |
1.9. | Potential vs actual use of haptics |
1.10. | Haptics over the last decade |
1.11. | The old status quo: ERMs dominate |
1.12. | ERM motors are a difficult incumbent to replace |
1.13. | Recent changes: LRAs gain market share |
1.14. | Displacing the incumbent technologies |
1.15. | New markets provide the greatest opportunities |
1.16. | Emerging haptics find their niches |
1.17. | The next challenge for haptics |
2. | HAPTICS TECHNOLOGIES |
2.1. | Structure of this report |
2.2. | Core vs peripheral haptics |
2.3. | Technology Readiness and Adoption |
2.4. | Technology benchmarking: Core haptic actuators |
3. | ELECTROMAGNETIC HAPTIC ACTUATORS: ERMS, LRAS, VCMS AND EMERGING OPTIONS |
3.1. | Eccentric Rotating Mass Motors (ERM motors or ERMs) |
3.2. | ERM Motor Structure |
3.3. | ERM Drivers |
3.4. | SWOT Analysis - ERM Motors |
3.5. | Linear resonant actuators (LRAs) |
3.6. | LRA Structure |
3.7. | LRA Structure |
3.8. | Apple's Taptic Engine |
3.9. | Typical LRA specs |
3.10. | SWOT: Linear Resonant Actuators (LRAs) |
3.11. | Voice coil motors (VCMs) |
3.12. | Voice coil motor structure |
3.13. | Nidec Sankyo: VCMs for haptics |
3.14. | SWOT: Voice coil motors (VCMs) |
3.15. | New versions of electromagnetic actuators |
3.16. | General Vibration: "SAVANT" |
3.17. | SAVANT with ERM motors - the Gemini Drive |
3.18. | Nanoport R&D: Tachammer |
3.19. | Examples of leading suppliers |
3.20. | Examples of ERM & LRA Suppliers |
3.21. | Challenging times for previous leaders |
4. | PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS |
4.1. | Background and Definitions |
4.2. | Piezoelectric Haptic Actuators |
4.3. | Piezoelectric Actuator Materials |
4.4. | Piezoelectric composites are also an option |
4.5. | Value chain for piezoelectric actuators |
4.6. | Device Integration |
4.7. | Challenges with integration: Durability |
4.8. | Driver innovation |
4.9. | Use cases for piezoelectric haptics |
4.10. | Coupled sensor-actuator systems with piezoelectrics |
4.11. | Use in surface haptics |
4.12. | SWOT: Piezoelectric Ceramics |
5. | ELECTROACTIVE POLYMERS (EAPS) |
5.1. | Types of electroactive polymer (EAP) |
5.2. | Types of electroactive polymer (continued) |
5.3. | Comparing physical properties of EAPs |
5.4. | Dielectric elastomers (DEAs) |
5.5. | Comparing DEAs with Ceramics and SMAs |
5.6. | Dielectric elastomers as haptic actuators |
5.7. | Artificial Muscle: Ownership and progress |
5.8. | SWOT: Dielectric elastomers |
5.9. | Piezoelectric Polymers |
5.10. | Background and Definitions: Piezoelectric constants |
5.11. | Why use a polymer? - Materials Choices |
5.12. | PVDF-based polymer options for haptic actuators |
5.13. | Demonstrator product with polymer haptics |
5.14. | SWOT: Piezoelectric polymers |
5.15. | Conclusions: Soft actuators |
5.16. | Technology benchmarking: Soft actuators |
6. | SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS (SMAS) |
6.1. | Introduction to shape memory alloys |
6.2. | Deploying SMA as conventional haptic actuators |
6.3. | SMA haptics: some metrics |
6.4. | SWOT: SMAs |
7. | SURFACE HAPTICS - ACTUATORS FOR VARIABLE FRICTION ON A SURFACE |
7.1. | Surface haptics with electromechanical actuators |
7.2. | Bending wave haptic feedback |
7.3. | Redux ST acquired by Google |
7.4. | hap2U |
7.5. | Nidec Copal - surface haptics |
7.6. | SWOT: EM surface haptics |
7.7. | Tactile shear haptics |
7.8. | Tactile Shear Feedback |
7.9. | Tactical Haptics: custom VR controllers |
7.10. | Shear forces for variable friction displays |
7.11. | Electrostatic Friction (ESF) |
7.12. | Electrostatic Friction (ESF) |
7.13. | O-Film's acquisition of Senseg |
7.14. | SWOT: Electrostatic Friction |
7.15. | Ultrasonic Vibration (USV) |
7.16. | Example: Hap2U |
7.17. | SWOT: Ultrasonic vibration |
7.18. | Microfluidic surface haptics |
7.19. | Microfluidics: Tactus Technology |
7.20. | SWOT: Microfluidic surface haptics |
7.21. | Other microfluidic haptics: HaptX (formerly Axon VR) |
7.22. | Surface haptics: Conclusions |
7.23. | Technology benchmarking: Surface haptics |
7.24. | Conclusions: Surface haptics |
7.25. | Surface haptics revenue, forecast (2020 - 2030) |
8. | CONTACTLESS HAPTICS |
8.1. | Background |
8.2. | Applications and Drivers |
8.3. | Ultrasonic |
8.4. | Contactless haptics for automotive: Bosch and Ultrahaptics at CES 2017 |
8.5. | Ultrahaptics: Announcements at CES 2018 |
8.6. | Ultrahaptics + Meta + Zerolight |
8.7. | Metasonics |
8.8. | Hanyang University |
8.9. | Air Vortex |
8.10. | Technology comparison for contactless haptics |
8.11. | The commercial reality |
8.12. | Contactless haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
8.13. | Contactless haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
9. | KINAESTHETIC HAPTICS |
9.1. | Medical |
9.2. | Related topic: Power-assist exoskeletons and apparel |
9.3. | Power assist exoskeletons |
9.4. | The relationship between assistive devices and kinaesthetic haptics |
9.5. | Roots in medical rehabilitation |
9.6. | Example: Ekso Bionics |
9.7. | Rehabotics Medical Technology |
9.8. | Sense Glove |
9.9. | BrainCo creates affordable smart prosthetics |
9.10. | Rapael smart glove for home rehab |
9.11. | Towards other application areas |
9.12. | Power assist suits from UPR |
9.13. | Power assist apparel - Superflex |
9.14. | AIM and Racer |
9.15. | Teslasuit |
9.16. | Geographical and market trends |
9.17. | Data and forecast for kinaesthetic haptics |
10. | MARKETS AND FORECASTS: |
10.1. | Forecast details and assumptions |
10.2. | Device sales drive haptics sales (historic data & forecast) |
10.3. | More devices are adding haptics (historic data & forecast) |
10.4. | Haptics spend per device is increasing (historic data & forecast) |
10.5. | Haptics revenue over time (historic data & forecast) |
10.6. | Haptics forecasts as a derivative of device forecasts |
10.7. | Sales volumes of devices that contain haptics, historic (2010-2019) |
10.8. | Sales volumes of devices that contain haptics, forecast (2020-2030) |
10.9. | Haptics market data by system type |
10.10. | Haptics revenue by type of haptics, historic (2010-2019) |
10.11. | Haptics revenue by type of haptics, forecast (2020-2030) |
10.12. | Haptics revenue by device type, historic (2010-2019) |
10.13. | Haptics revenue by device type, forecast (2020-2030) |
10.14. | Haptics market data by technology |
10.15. | Haptics revenue by actuator technology, historic (2010-2019) |
10.16. | Haptics revenue by actuator technology, forecast (2020-2030) |
11. | SMARTPHONES |
11.1. | Introduction: Haptics in smartphones |
11.2. | Smartphone haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
11.3. | Smartphone haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
12. | GAMING (CONSOLE & HANDHELD) |
12.1. | Introduction: Haptics in console gaming |
12.2. | PS3 (DualShock 3) - Summary |
12.3. | PS4 (DualShock 4) - Summary |
12.4. | Xbox 360 - Summary |
12.5. | Xbox One - Summary |
12.6. | Gaming (controllers) haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
12.7. | Gaming (controllers) haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
12.8. | Introduction: Haptics in handheld gaming |
12.9. | Nintendo Switch - summary |
12.10. | Handheld gaming haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
12.11. | Handheld gaming haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
13. | CASE STUDY: HAPTICS IN VR |
13.1. | Stimulating the senses: Sight, sound, touch and beyond |
13.2. | Haptics in mainstream VR today |
13.3. | PlayStation Move (PSVR controller) |
13.4. | Oculus Touch (Oculus Rift controller) |
13.5. | HTC Vive controller |
13.6. | Categories for the technology today |
13.7. | Haptics in controllers: inertial and surface actuation |
13.8. | Example: Surface actuation on a controller |
13.9. | Motion simulators and vehicles: established platforms |
13.10. | Motion simulators are still used to show off VR |
13.11. | Examples: personal VR motion simulators and vehicles |
13.12. | Wearable haptic interfaces |
13.13. | Wearable haptic interfaces - rings |
13.14. | Commercial examples: GoTouchVR |
13.15. | Wearable haptic interfaces - gloves |
13.16. | Examples: Virtuix, NeuroDigital Technologies |
13.17. | Wearable haptic interfaces - shoes |
13.18. | Commercial examples: Nidec, CEREVO, and others |
13.19. | Wearable haptic interfaces - harnesses and apparel |
13.20. | Wearable haptic interfaces - exoskeletons |
13.21. | Commercial examples: Dexta Robotics |
13.22. | Kinaesthetic haptics |
13.23. | Kinaesthetic devices: types and process flow |
13.24. | Exoskeletons |
13.25. | Manipulandums |
13.26. | FundamentalVR - haptics for training surgeons in VR |
13.27. | Robotics: Hacking existing platforms to build kinaesthetic haptics |
13.28. | The case for contactless haptics in VR |
13.29. | VR haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
13.30. | VR haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
14. | HAPTICS IN WEARABLES |
14.1. | Consumer Electronics: Wearables |
14.2. | Wearables haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
14.3. | Wearables haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
15. | HAPTICS IN OTHER CONSUMER ELECTRONICS |
15.1. | Consumer Electronics: Tablets |
15.2. | Consumer Electronics: Laptops |
15.3. | Other consumer electronics haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
15.4. | Other consumer electronics haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
16. | CASE STUDY: HAPTICS IN AUTOMOTIVE |
16.1. | Automotive |
16.2. | Example: Nidec targeting the automotive sector |
16.3. | Contactless haptics for automotive: Bosch and Ultrahaptics |
16.4. | Automotive haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
16.5. | Automotive haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
17. | OTHER HAPTICS |
17.1. | Home appliance, commercial and other uses |
18. | MARKET FORECAST DATA |
18.1. | Haptics revenue by device type: Historic (2010-2018) & forecast (2019-2030) |
18.2. | Smartphone haptics revenue: Historic (2010-2018) & forecast (2019-2030) |
18.3. | Gaming (controllers) haptics revenue: Historic (2010-2018) & forecast (2019-2030) |
18.4. | VR haptics revenue: Historic (2010-2018) & forecast (2019-2030) |
18.5. | Handheld gaming haptics revenue: Historic (2010-2018) & forecast (2019-2030) |
18.6. | Wearables haptics revenue: Historic (2010-2018) & forecast (2019-2030) |
18.7. | Other consumer electronics haptics revenue: Historic (2010-2018) & forecast (2019-2030) |
18.8. | Automotive haptics revenue: Historic (2010-2018) & forecast (2019-2030) |
18.9. | Haptics market data by technology |
18.10. | Haptics revenue by type of haptics: Historic (2010-2018) & forecast (2019-2030) |
18.11. | Haptics revenue by actuator technology: Historic (2010-2018) & forecast (2019-2030) |
18.12. | Button haptics revenue: Historic (2010-2018) & forecast (2019-2030) |
18.13. | Kinaesthetic haptics revenue: Historic (2010-2018) & forecast (2019-2030) |
19. | HAPTICS VALUE CHAIN AND COMPANY DATABASE |
19.1. | Value chain summary |
19.2. | Lists of haptics companies (by technology and value chain position) |
19.3. | List of haptics companies: technology and component manufacturing (33) |
19.4. | List of haptics companies: Supporting ecosystem (22) |
19.5. | List of haptics companies: End users (37) |
20. | HAPTICS AT CES 2018 |
20.1. | Haptics at CES 2018 |
20.2. | AIM and Racer |
20.3. | AIM (Handout) |
20.4. | Cerevo |
20.5. | GoTouch VR |
20.6. | List CEA Tech |
20.7. | Metasonics |
20.8. | Nanomagnetics & Nanoport |
20.9. | Nanoport - Tachammer |
20.10. | Nidec (Copal & Sankyo) |
20.11. | Nidec Copal - surface haptics |
20.12. | Nidec Sankyo - VCM haptics |
20.13. | Rehabotics Medical Technology |
20.14. | Sense Glove |
20.15. | Tactical Haptics |
20.16. | Teslasuit |
20.17. | Ultrahaptics |
20.18. | Ultrahaptics + Meta + Zerolight |
20.19. | BrainCo creates affordable smart prosthetics |
20.20. | Rapael smart glove for home rehab |
21. | HAPTICS AT CES 2019 |
21.1. | TDK |
21.2. | Boréas Technologies |
21.3. | Immersion |
21.4. | Nidec (booth) |
21.5. | Teslasuit |
21.6. | Other haptics at CES |
22. | COMPANY PROFILES |
22.1. | Interview-based company profiles |
22.1.1. | Artificial Muscle Inc. |
22.1.2. | Piezotech (Arkema group) |
22.1.3. | Thalmic Labs |
22.1.4. | Immersion Corporation |
22.1.5. | Ultrahaptics |
22.1.6. | Precision Microdrives |
22.1.7. | General Vibration |
22.1.8. | Aito |
22.1.9. | Redux Labs |
22.1.10. | V Technical Textiles |
22.1.11. | Novasentis, Inc |
22.1.12. | HAP2U |
22.1.13. | SRI International |
22.1.14. | Nidec Sankyo - VCMs for haptics |
22.1.15. | Nanomagnetics and Nanoport |
22.1.16. | Boréas Technologies |
22.1.17. | hap2U |
22.2. | Background Company Profiles |
22.2.1. | Quad Industries |
22.2.2. | Nidec Corporation |
22.2.3. | Vitali |
22.2.4. | Intel - Project Alloy |
22.2.5. | Hanyang University - Ultrasonic haptics |
22.2.6. | AIM - Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics |
22.2.7. | Cerevo |
22.2.8. | GoTouchVR |
22.2.9. | List, CEA Tech |
22.2.10. | Metasonics |
22.2.11. | Nidec (Copal & Sankyo) |
22.2.12. | Rehabotics Medical Technology |
22.2.13. | Sense Glove |
22.2.14. | Tactical Haptics |
22.2.15. | Teslasuit |
22.2.16. | Glatus |
22.2.17. | HabitAware |
22.2.18. | Redux acquisition |
22.2.19. | MAS Innovation |
22.2.20. | Teslasuit |
22.2.21. | TDK |
22.2.22. | Immersion |
22.3. | Other Companies Mentioned |
22.3.1. | Acura |
22.3.2. | Apple |
22.3.3. | Bosch |
22.3.4. | CML |
22.3.5. | Control VR |
22.3.6. | DARPA |
22.3.7. | Dexta Robotics |
22.3.8. | Disney Research |
22.3.9. | Ekso Bionics |
22.3.10. | Feel VR |
22.3.11. | Fujitsu |
22.3.12. | Fundamental VR |
22.3.13. | Geomagic |
22.3.14. | Google |
22.3.15. | Guangshou NINED Digital Technology |
22.3.16. | Icaros |
22.3.17. | Leap Technologies |
22.3.18. | Microsoft Research |
22.3.19. | NeruoDigital Technologies |
22.3.20. | Nullspace VR |
22.3.21. | O-Film (Senseg) |
22.3.22. | Qualcomm |
22.3.23. | Queen's University Belfast |
22.3.24. | Samsung |
22.3.25. | Seismic (Superflex) |
22.3.26. | SensAble |
22.3.27. | SkiFi Labs |
22.3.28. | Sony |
22.3.29. | Stanford University |
22.3.30. | UPR |
22.3.31. | Virtuix |