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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS | |
1. | INTRODUCTION |
1.1. | Market volume in Euro billions |
1.2. | Smart iontophoretic skin patches |
1.2. | Twenty year forecasts of unusual breadth |
1.2. | End user markets relevant to printed electronics |
1.3. | Some of today's disposable electronics and why inorganic technology is needed to make it more saleable and useful |
1.3. | Terminology and definitions |
1.3. | Esquire magazine with animated display September 2008 |
1.4. | Plastic Logic E-reader |
1.4. | Scope for printed electronics and electrics |
1.4. | Some of the technical constraints of printed electronics and the exciting recent history of breakthroughs that give credibility to more being overcome in the next few years |
1.5. | Primary assumptions of organic electronics in full production 2009 to 2029 |
1.5. | There is a bigger picture |
1.5. | T-equaliser animated t-shirt |
1.6. | XEL-1 by SONY |
1.6. | Printed electronics products today |
1.6.1. | New technologies, more opportunity |
1.6.2. | With or without a silicon chip |
1.6.3. | Highest volume products with no silicon chip |
1.6.4. | Printed electronics with silicon chips |
1.6.5. | Electronic apparel |
1.6.6. | Display and lighting |
1.6.7. | Photovoltaic power by the mile |
1.6.8. | Stretchable electronic products for sale |
1.6.9. | A view from Toppan Forms |
1.7. | Displays are the main sector for now |
1.7. | Active Matrix OLED Fab ramp-up in 2006/07 - most in East Asia |
1.8. | How printed electronics is being applied to products |
1.8. | Photovoltaics beyond conventional silicon are the second largest market |
1.9. | How printed electronics is being applied |
1.9. | Printed Electronics Applications |
1.10. | Typical price breaks for high volume electronics and examples of potential advances. |
1.10. | Surprisingly poor progress with low cost electronics so far |
1.11. | Threat - silicon chips keep getting cheaper |
1.12. | Printed electronics for smart packaging |
1.13. | Driving forces for disposable electronics |
1.14. | Balance of reporting on printed and organic electronics |
1.15. | Inorganic patterning shows the way |
1.16. | Great uncertainty |
1.17. | Challenging conventional electronics |
1.18. | Flexible is a Big Market |
1.19. | Assumptions for our forecasts |
1.20. | Despite recession, finance for printed electronics is not drying up |
2. | LOGIC AND MEMORY |
2.1. | Logic and Memory Market Forecasts 2009-2029 |
2.1. | Traditional geometry for a field effect transistor |
2.1. | Global market for printed electronics logic and memory 2009-2029 in billions of dollars, with % printed and % flexible |
2.1.1. | Logic and memory forecasts 2009-2019 |
2.2. | Impact on silicon |
2.2. | Transistors - first significant commercial product in 2009 |
2.2. | Scope for printed TFTCs to create new markets or replace silicon chips |
2.3. | Advantages of printed and thin film transistors and memory vs traditional silicon |
2.3. | Performance of Kovio's ink versus others by mobility |
2.3. | Transistor design |
2.3.2. | New TFT geometry |
2.3.3. | Advantages of printed and thin film transistors and memory vs traditional silicon |
2.3.4. | The main options for the printed semiconductor |
2.3.5. | Benefits and applications envisaged for TFTCs in general |
2.3.6. | Development path |
2.3.7. | Obtaining higher frequency performance |
2.3.8. | Breakthrough in printed inorganic performance in from Kovio |
2.3.9. | Progress towards p-type metal oxide semiconductors |
2.3.10. | Do organic transistors have a future? |
2.3.11. | 3D printed silicon transistors - Japan |
2.3.12. | Choice of printing technologies |
2.3.13. | Company strategy and value chain |
2.4. | Memory |
2.4. | Road map |
2.4. | Comparison of some of the main options for the semiconductors in printed and potentially printed transistors |
2.5. | Envisaged benefits of TFTCs in RFID and other low-cost applications when compared with envisaged silicon chips |
2.5. | Transparent Zinc Oxide transistors |
2.5. | RFID |
2.5.1. | Market for RFID |
2.5.2. | Ultimate potential for highest volume RFID |
2.5.3. | Penetration of chipless/printed RFID |
2.6. | 3D printing of silicon from Seiko Epson |
2.6. | Overall choices of semiconductor |
2.7. | Typical carrier mobility in different potential TFTC semiconductors (actual and envisaged) vs higher mobility silicon, not printable. |
2.7. | Options for high speed, low-cost printing of TFTCs |
2.8. | Value chain for TFTCs and examples of migration of activity for players |
2.8. | Objectives and challenges of organisations developing printed and potentially printed transistor and/ or memory circuits and/or their materials |
2.9. | Some of the small group of contestants for large capacity printed memory. |
2.9. | An all-organic permanent memory transistor |
2.10. | TFE memory compared with the much more complex DRAM in silicon |
2.11. | Structure of TFE memory |
2.11. | Total value of tags by application 2009-2019 (US Dollar Millions) |
2.12. | Chipless versus Chip RFID, in numbers of units (billions) (Chip includes Active RFID tags) |
2.12. | TFE priorities for commercialisation of mega memory |
2.13. | Prototype 13.56 MHz RFID smart labels from reel to reel production of organic TFTCs by PolyIC |
2.13. | Market size of various chipless solutions, 2009-2019 |
2.14. | Potential, in billions yearly, for global sales of RFID labels and circuits printed directly onto products or packaging. Item level is shown in red. These are examples. |
2.15. | Chipless versus Chip RFID, in numbers of units (billions) |
3. | DISPLAYS |
3.1. | Market drivers |
3.1. | Basic structure of an OLED |
3.1. | Some new and established display technologies compared |
3.2. | Comparison of the features of various technologies for advertising and signage |
3.2. | Samsung OLED television, Philips OLED shaver and Eastman Kodak OLED camera. |
3.2. | OLEDs as displays for electronic products |
3.2.2. | Developers of OLEDs |
3.2.3. | Mobile phones and OLEDs |
3.2.4. | Digital Cameras and OLEDs |
3.2.5. | Audio/Visual players and OLEDs |
3.2.6. | TV sets and OLEDs |
3.2.7. | OLED market forecasts 2009-2029 |
3.2.8. | Impediments to OLED adoption |
3.2.9. | Unmet technical needs for OLEDs |
3.3. | Electrophoretic |
3.3. | Concept of apparel that illuminates with flexible OLED displays |
3.3. | Examples of OLED materials and displays investment until the beginning of 2009 |
3.3.2. | Applications of E-paper displays |
3.3.3. | The Killer Application |
3.3.4. | Electrophoretic displays market forecasts 2009-2029 |
3.4. | Electrochromic |
3.4. | LEP process flow |
3.4. | Examples of companies developing OLEDs |
3.4.2. | Electrochromic displays market forecasts 2009-2029 |
3.5. | AC Electroluminescent |
3.5. | An OLED display from Samsung which folds in the middle. More than half of Samsung's stand was previewing OLED displays. |
3.5. | Market forecasts for OLED panel displays 2009-2029 |
3.5.2. | Electroluminescent displays market forecasts 2009 2029 |
3.6. | Other display technologies |
3.6. | A 4" flexible AM OLED from LG on stainless steel. |
3.6. | Advantages and disadvantages of electrophoretic displays |
3.6.1. | Thermochromic |
3.6.2. | Electrowetting displays |
3.6.3. | Electrochemical displays on paper |
3.6.4. | Other displays market size 2009-2029 |
3.7. | A Sony OLED display illustrating its thinness |
3.7. | Comparison between OLEDs and E-Ink of various parameters |
3.8. | Electrophoretic displays market forecasts 2009-2029 |
3.8. | WOLED displays from Samsung |
3.9. | Principle of operation of electrophoretic displays |
3.9. | Electrochromic displays market forecasts 2009-2029 |
3.10. | Electroluminescent displays market forecasts 2009-2029 |
3.10. | E-paper displays on a magazine sold in the US in October 2008 |
3.11. | Retail Shelf Edge Labels from UPM |
3.11. | Other displays market size 2009-2029 |
3.12. | Secondary display on a cell phone |
3.13. | Amazon Kindle 2, launched in the US in February 2009 |
3.14. | Electrophoretic display on a commercially sold financial card |
3.15. | A Polymer Vision display |
3.16. | Electrochromic display on a Valentine's card sold by Marks and Spencer in the UK in 2004 and electrochromic display with drive circuits in a laminate for smart cards.. |
3.17. | Boardroom lighting in Alcatel France that switches to various modes |
3.18. | EL décor, signage and instrumentation in the new Jaguar concept model |
3.19. | Animated EL artwork in a two meter suspended ball for event lighting |
3.20. | Educational AC electroluminescent floor covering |
3.21. | Coyopa rum with four segment sequentially switched pictures |
3.22. | TV controller |
3.23. | Switched image on face of Fossil watch |
3.24. | Car instrument illumination by electroluminescent display |
3.25. | Duracell battery tester |
3.26. | Interactive game on a beer package by VTT Technologies in Finland |
3.27. | The dollhouse. When energy is added to the system the colour of the wallpaper changes and a picture appears on the wall |
3.28. | Two state electrolytic display on paper |
3.29. | Seven segment display printed with bi-stable inks |
4. | LIGHTING |
4.1. | Significance of lighting and challenges |
4.1. | Impact of the various forms of lighting, with the overlap showing degree of competition |
4.1. | Incandescent, fluorescent, inorganic LED and the potential performance of OLED lighting compared |
4.2. | Some relevant statistics in millions of units sold worldwide in 2008 |
4.2. | Value chain for manufacture of OLEDs for lighting and signage |
4.2. | Comparisons of lighting technologies |
4.3. | General illumination market |
4.3. | The space saving of OLED lights and their exceptional colour tunability |
4.3. | Lighting forecasts 2009-2029 |
4.4. | Sales of inorganic LED lighting 2002-2008 in billions of units |
4.4. | Example of OLED Lighting |
4.4. | Lighting forecasts 2009-2029 |
4.5. | Value Chain and examples of OLED lighting |
4.5. | Motion lighting concept |
4.6. | AC electroluminescent lighting |
4.7. | LEDs |
5. | POWER: PHOTOVOLTAICS AND BATTERIES |
5.1. | Photovoltaics |
5.1. | Some of the overlapping requirements for photovoltaics |
5.1. | The leading photovoltaic technologies compared |
5.1.1. | Thin film Photovoltaics |
5.1.2. | Comparison of technologies |
5.1.3. | Solar cell production by company |
5.1.4. | Trends by territory |
5.1.5. | Parameters for comparing Photovoltaic technologies |
5.2. | Photovoltaics Forecasts |
5.2. | Progress of confirmed research-scale photovoltaic device efficiencies, under AM 1.5 simulated solar illumination, for a variety of technologies |
5.2. | Comparison of the power conversion technologies of different types of solar cell technologies |
5.2.2. | Photovoltaic subsidies - should more be given? |
5.2.3. | The need for storage |
5.2.4. | Installation of photovoltaics |
5.2.5. | Hope for silicon photovoltaics to reach grid price parity |
5.2.6. | Strategies of market entry for new, potentially cheaper technologies |
5.3. | Batteries |
5.3. | Construction of a traditional bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cell |
5.3. | Efficiency and commercialization dates of laminar organic, CdTe and DSSC photovoltaics |
5.3.1. | Importance of laminar batteries |
5.3.2. | Button batteries vs laminar batteries |
5.3.3. | Choices of laminar battery |
5.3.4. | Applications of laminar batteries |
5.3.5. | Infinite Power Solutions |
5.3.6. | Solicore, USA |
5.3.7. | Power Paper |
5.3.8. | Blue Spark |
5.3.9. | VoltaFlex |
5.3.10. | Enfucell |
5.4. | Printed batteries forecasts 2009-2029 |
5.4. | Module stack for photovoltaics |
5.4. | Performance of various types of photovoltaic cell compared |
5.4.2. | Laminar batteries - missing the big opportunity? |
5.5. | Fuel cells |
5.5. | The 2250 organisations tackling printed and potentially printed devices and their materials |
5.5. | Photovoltaics forecasts 2009-2029 |
5.6. | Shapes of battery for small RFID tags advantages and disadvantages |
5.6. | Only East Asia has many giant companies involved in non-silicon photovoltaic devices |
5.7. | Power PlasticTM Advantage - High Energy Yield |
5.7. | The spectrum of choice of technologies for laminar batteries |
5.8. | Examples of potential sources of flexible thin film batteries |
5.8. | Infinite Power Solutions batteries. |
5.9. | Power Paper printed battery |
5.9. | Some examples of marketing thrust for laminar batteries |
5.10. | Batteries forecasts 2009-2029 |
5.10. | Reel to reel screen printing of Blue Spark batteries |
5.11. | VoltaFlex organic polymer lithium battery |
5.12. | Estee Lauder smart skin patch which delivers cosmetics using the iontophoretic effect |
6. | SENSORS AND OTHER ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS |
6.1. | General situation and examples |
6.1. | The main options for organic sensors |
6.1. | Examples of companies developing organic sensors and other components and their main emphasis |
6.2. | Sensor forecasts 2009-2029 |
6.2. | Plastic film scanner with no moving parts |
6.2. | Photodetector arrays |
6.2.1. | Printed flexible scanners |
6.3. | Successes and failures |
6.4. | Sensor Forecasts 2009-2029 |
7. | MARKET BY TERRITORY, COMPONENTS, MATERIALS, OPPORTUNITIES |
7.1. | Market by territory |
7.1. | Organisations involved in printed and potentially printed electronics across the world, by type of interest |
7.1. | The market for printed and potentially printed electronics by territory in $ billion |
7.1.1. | Number of active organisations globally in this field |
7.1.2. | Geographical split 2009-2029 |
7.1.3. | Giant Corporations of the World and their progress with printed electronics |
7.2. | The total market opportunity by component |
7.2. | Primary devices being developed |
7.2. | Examples of giant corporations intending to make the printed and potentially printed devices with the largest market potential, showing East Asia dominant. |
7.3. | Examples of giant corporations, making or intending to make materials for printed and potentially printed electronics |
7.3. | Market by Territory 2009 - 2019 |
7.3. | Organic versus Inorganic |
7.4. | Printed versus non printed electronics |
7.4. | Number of printed electronics products by country |
7.4. | Most supported technology by number of organisations identified in North America, East Asia and Europe |
7.5. | Market forecast by component type for 2009-2029 in US $ billions, for printed and potentially printed electronics including organic, inorganic and composites |
7.5. | Number of organisations active in printed electronics by country in Europe |
7.5. | Flexible/conformal versus rigid electronics |
7.6. | Market forecasts for materials 2009-2029 |
7.6. | Display project distribution in East Asia: OLED left, electroluminescent center, electrophoretic right. |
7.6. | Market forecasts for 2029 $ Billions |
7.7. | Spend on organic versus inorganic materials 2009-2029 |
7.7. | Number of projects by device type in North America |
7.7. | Impact of printed electronics on conventional markets |
7.7.2. | Impact on end-use markets |
7.7.3. | Potential markets |
7.8. | Printed electronics: fundraising, investors, list of companies |
7.8. | Market forecast by component type for 2009-2029 in US $ billions, for printed and potentially printed electronics including organic, inorganic and composites |
7.8. | Split of material types by component |
7.8.1. | Printed Electronics Commercial Fund Raising Activities |
7.8.2. | Printed Electronics Government Funded Activities |
7.9. | Market forecasts for 2029 |
7.9. | Market value $ billions of only printed electronics 2009-2029 |
7.10. | Market value $ billions of only flexible/conformal electronics 2009-2029 |
7.10. | Spend on organic versus inorganic materials 2009-2019 |
7.11. | Market value $ billions of only printed electronics 2009-2019 |
7.11. | Materials market forecasts 2009-2029 |
7.12. | End user markets relevant to printed and potentially printed electronics |
7.12. | Market value $ billions of only flexible/conformal electronics 2009-2019 |
7.13. | Relative investments from the key areas of printed electronics development |
7.13. | Examples of fundraising activities in printed electronics since the beginning of 2008 |
7.14. | Examples of government funded programs for printed electronics |
7.14. | Materials market forecast 2009-2019 |
7.15. | Examples of organic and inorganic electronics and electrics potentially tackling different technologies and applications. |
7.16. | The potential annual global sales of each type by 2019 in US$ billions |
7.17. | Some of the potential markets |
8. | UNMET NEEDS, OPPORTUNITIES AND PROGRESS |
8.1. | Statistics for materials running out |
8.1. | Indium price 2001-2006 |
8.1. | Time to run out for scarce elements used in printed electronics |
8.1.1. | Indium |
8.1.2. | Rare Earths |
8.1.3. | Escape Routes |
8.1.4. | Selenium |
8.1.5. | Quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, common compounds |
8.1.6. | How many years are left? |
8.1.7. | Investing in the metals that will be needed for photovoltaics |
8.1.8. | Material supply and sustainability of thin film CIGS and CdTe Photovoltaics |
8.2. | Low temperature processes/curing |
8.2. | Typical SEM images of CU flake C1 6000F. Copper flake |
8.2. | Water vapour and oxygen transmission rates of various materials. |
8.2.1. | New ink formulations |
8.2.2. | Breakthrough in metal ink cure from Novacentrix: room temperature on cheap substrates |
8.3. | Backplane transistor arrays hold up AMOLED market penetration |
8.3. | Thermal requirements and capabilities of different materials |
8.3. | Requirements of barrier materials |
8.4. | The NovaCentrix process |
8.4. | Need for better flexible, transparent, low cost barriers |
8.5. | Lack of standardised benchmarking |
8.5. | Pre and post sintering |
8.6. | Current options and challenges for backplane TFTs |
8.6. | Urgent need for creative product design |
8.7. | Schematic diagrams for encapsulated structures a) conventional b) laminated c) deposited in situ |
8.8. | Scanning electron micrograph image of a barrier film cross section6 |
8.9. | Progress of confirmed research-scale photovoltaic device efficiencies, under AM 1.5 simulated solar illumination, for a variety of technologies |
8.10. | Innovative product designers/ sellers are in short supply |
9. | COMPANY PROFILES |
9.1. | Semiconductor development at Evonik |
9.1. | Other players in the value chain |
9.1.1. | ACREO |
9.1.2. | Asahi Kasei |
9.1.3. | Asahi Glass |
9.1.4. | BASF |
9.1.5. | DaiNippon Printing |
9.1.6. | Evonik |
9.1.7. | Fujifilm Dimatix |
9.1.8. | HC Starck |
9.1.9. | Hewlett Packard |
9.1.10. | Holst Centre |
9.1.11. | InkTec |
9.1.12. | Konarka |
9.1.13. | Kovio Inc |
9.1.14. | Merck Chemicals |
9.1.15. | National Information Society Agency |
9.1.16. | Optomec |
9.1.17. | ORFID |
9.1.18. | Organic ID |
9.1.19. | Philips |
9.1.20. | Plastic E Print |
9.1.21. | Plastic Logic |
9.1.22. | Plextronics |
9.1.23. | PolyIC |
9.1.24. | Samsung |
9.1.25. | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory |
9.1.26. | Seiko Epson |
9.1.27. | Soligie |
9.1.28. | Thin Film Electronics |
9.1.29. | Toppan Forms |
9.1.30. | Toppan Printing |
9.1.31. | University of Tokyo |
9.1.32. | Waseda University |
9.1.33. | Other players in this value chain |
9.2. | Target range for mobility and processing temperature of semiconductors. |
9.3. | Transfer characteristics of gen3 semiconductor system |
9.4. | Current efficiency of a Novaled PIN OLEDTM stack on an inkjet printed, transparent conductive ITO anode. |
9.5. | Inks developed by InkTec |
9.6. | InkTec Printing methods |
9.7. | Ubiquitous Sensor Networks (USN) |
9.8. | Simple sensors used in initial trials |
9.9. | USN services and applications |
9.10. | Left is diode logic OR gate and the right is a bridge rectifier |
9.11. | Micrograph of an SSD array and the 110 GHz microwave measurement setup |
9.12. | A prototype of the Plastic Logic E-reader |
9.13. | A prototype of the Plastic Logic E-reader |
9.14. | A prototype of the Plastic Logic E-reader |
9.15. | Samsung OLED display |
9.16. | Size of ink droplet volume versus it's radius |
9.17. | Printed Flexible Circuits from Soligie |
9.18. | Capabilities of Soligie |
9.19. | Printed electronics from Soligie |
9.20. | Printing presses used for printing electronics at Soligie |
9.21. | An e-label from Soligie |
9.22. | A flexible display sample |
9.23. | Printed electronics samples |
9.24. | New electronics targets physical space |
9.25. | Large-area electronics |
9.26. | 32" pressure sensor matrix |
9.27. | Wireless power transmission sheet |
9.28. | Device structure |
9.29. | Organic transistors |
9.30. | Organic transistor 3D ICs |
9.31. | Scanner with no moving parts |
9.32. | Scanning a wine bottle label |
9.33. | Stretchable electronics |
9.34. | Flexible battery that charges in one minute |
APPENDIX 1: MATRIX OF PRINTED ELECTRONICS SUPPLIERS AND ACTIVITIES | |
APPENDIX 2: IDTECHEX PUBLICATIONS AND CONSULTANCY | |
TABLES | |
FIGURES |
Pages | 312 |
---|---|
Tables | 78 |
Figures | 150 |
Companies | Over 700 |
Forecasts to | 2029 |