Le marché mondial du traitement des PFAS pour l'eau potable municipale devrait atteindre 2,3 milliards de dollars américains d'ici 2035

Traitement des PFAS 2025-2035 : technologies, réglementations, acteurs, applications

Évaluations technologiques pour le traitement de l'eau par les PFAS, les technologies d'élimination des PFAS, les technologies de destruction des PFAS, l'assainissement des PFAS. Analyse de la réglementation sur les PFAS. Principaux fournisseurs de technologies et paysage commercial pour le traitement des PFAS dans l'eau et le sol


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"Forever chemicals", the colloquial term for the family of chemicals known as PFAS, is coming under increasing regulatory pressure globally as concerns over the negative effects of PFAS on human health and the environment are mounting. In this new report, "PFAS Treatment 2025-2035: Technologies, Regulations, Players, Applications", IDTechEx examines the current and proposed regulations on PFAS contamination in several key regions to identify the need and opportunity for PFAS treatment technologies. This is accompanied by comprehensive assessment of incumbent and emerging PFAS treatment technologies. In this report, IDTechEx considers the drivers and challenges facing PFAS treatment in key areas, like drinking water treatment, to offer a market outlook on this developing field.
 
Introducing the "forever chemical" family - PFAS
PFAS stands for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and refers to synthetic chemical compounds that contain multiple fluorine atoms attached to an alkyl chain. The broad definition of PFAS by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) encompasses nearly 5,000 unique chemicals, including PFOA (perfluorooctanoic acid), PFOS (perfluorooctane sulfonate) and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene).
 
Unsurprisingly, the applications of different PFAS chemicals are nearly as broad as the chemical family itself. Depending on the specific chemical, PFAS can confer helpful properties such as oil and water repellence, thermal stability, ionic conductivity, and more, making it applicable in many important application sectors including semiconductor manufacturing, healthcare, non-stick cookware, and firefighting foams.
 
Why are concerns over PFAS rising?
With so many PFAS and just as many applications for them, why are PFAS now coming under increased scrutiny? The colloquialism "forever chemicals" hints to a key issue for PFAS: its persistence in humans, wildlife, and the environment. Not only is PFAS persistent, but they can also be found in many environments, even isolated areas; as such, there is increased exposure to PFAS through a variety of sources. Now, scientific evidence is growing that, depending on different factors, continued exposure to specific PFAS may lead to negative health effects, such as increased risk of cancer, developmental delays, and hormonal issues (per the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the OECD).
 
Increasing global scrutiny on PFAS contamination in drinking water and the environment
PFAS has infiltrated the environment through numerous avenues: industrial discharge, usage of PFAS-containing firefighting foam (aqueous film forming foam (AFFF)), the leaching of PFAS-containing consumers goods, etc. Now, the sites of PFAS contamination around the world are just as numerous as the number of PFAS; one study estimated upwards of 57,000 sites of PFAS contamination in the United States alone. As such, human exposure to PFAS can occur in many ways. One of the most concerning is through drinking water, as PFAS has contaminated the groundwater and surface water sources supplying drinking water to millions across many countries.
 
In 2024, driven by concerns on the negative health effects of PFAS exposure, the US EPA instituted the lowest acceptable concentration levels for PFAS in the world: 4 ppt (parts per trillion) each for PFOA and PFOS, 10 ppt each for PFHxS, GenX, and PFNA, and additional Hazard Index that regulates mixtures of PFHxS, GenX, PFNA, and PFBS. The US is not the first to institute limits on PFAS in drinking water; several years ago, the European Union recast its Drinking Water Directive (DWD) to include limits on 20 individual PFAS. However, the US rules are the lowest PFAS limits in the world, potentially indicating the future trajectory of regulatory trends for environmental PFAS contamination. In its latest report, IDTechEx carefully considers the impact of adopted regulations and the potential influence of proposed regulations to provide a clear picture of the regulatory landscape on PFAS contamination.
 
 
Source: IDTechEx
 
Treating PFAS in the environment: a critical need and emerging opportunity
The scale of PFAS contamination and its threat to human health establishes a need to remove PFAS from the environment - PFAS remediation. It will require numerous treatment technologies to accomplish this, given the scale of PFAS contamination and its persistent nature. IDTechEx's new report extensively explores the technology landscape for PFAS treatment, appraising both incumbent and novel treatments to separate PFAS from the environment and permanently destroy it. This includes well-known technologies for water treatment, such as granular activated carbon and ion exchange resins, and emerging technologies like foam fractionation. The PFAS destruction technology landscape has received particular focus recently as key stakeholders, including regulators and the public, worry about the possibility of PFAS that was initially removed escaping back into the environment. IDTechEx highlights the most advanced emerging PFAS destruction technologies to examine their potential, considering factors like technology readiness level (TRL), active players, cost, and more.
 
 
Source: IDTechEx
 
PFAS treatment applications emerging in response to PFAS regulations
With so many water streams and sites contaminated with PFAS, it will take broad adoption of PFAS treatment technologies to effectively remediate the environment of PFAS. Additionally, each site or water source requiring treatment will have unique circumstances, such as the initial level of PFAS contamination, presence of other contaminants, treatment objective, etc. that no single PFAS treatment can be universally applied. Different key areas requiring treatment, including municipal drinking water, aqueous film forming foam (AFFF), and industrial wastewater, will all have specific needs. Many combinations of PFAS removal and destruction technologies will be utilized to fully treat PFAS, so every technology may find its unique opportunity in this burgeoning market.
 
IDTechEx appraises each technology, both incumbent and emerging, to analyze its potential in the different application areas needing PFAS treatment. This is accompanied by player landscapes to establish the activity in each treatment area and technology. IDTechEx's comprehensive discussion and analysis will offer a clear picture of the dynamic PFAS treatment market for those looking to understand this rapidly emerging field in sustainability.
 
Key aspects
This report provides critical market intelligence about emerging and incumbent PFAS treatment technologies. This includes:
• Introduction to PFAS and PFAS Remediation
o Overview of global PFAS contamination
o Regulatory landscape and standards for PFAS treatment in different regions: US, Europe, Australia, Asia-Pacific, etc.
• Full technology analysis for key PFAS treatment technologies
o Review of incumbent PFAS Removal Technologies: Granular activated carbon (GAC), Ion exchange resins, Reverse osmosis (RO)
o Review of emerging PFAS removal technologies: foam fractionation, ozofractionation, polymeric sorbents, clay sorbents, etc.
o Review of incumbent and emerging PFAS Destruction Technologies: incineration, supercritical water oxidation (SCWO), hydrothermal alkaline treatment (HALT), plasma treatment, electrochemical oxidation, photocatalysis, sonolysis
o Other technologies discussed: immobilization, PFAS treatment of soil, etc.
o Discussion on key players, technology readiness level, full-scale applications, etc. for each technology provided
• Analysis of PFAS Treatment in key application sectors, looking at regulatory pressures and technology outlook: drinking water treatment, aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF), landfill leachate, industrial process water, industrial wastewater, municipal wastewater, PFAS contaminated groundwater, PFAS contaminated surface water
• Company profiles including interviews with key players
• PFAS treatment market forecast 2025-2035 that focuses on global expenditure of PFAS drinking water treatment and provides regional insights on the market
Report MetricsDetails
CAGRThe global market on PFAS treatment for municipal drinking water will be valued at US$2.258 billion by 2035, with a CAGR of 20.9% from 2025 to 2035.
Forecast Period2025 - 2035
Forecast UnitsMillions of US dollars
Regions CoveredEurope, United States, Worldwide
Segments CoveredPFAS treatment for municipal drinking water
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Table of Contents
1.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.1.Introduction to PFAS
1.2.Growing concerns about the negative impact of PFAS
1.3.Pathways for PFAS to contaminate the environment
1.4.The scale of PFAS contamination worldwide
1.5.Global limits on PFAS in drinking water: overview
1.6.PFAS remediation: a multi-billion-dollar challenge
1.7.PFAS remediation needed to treat PFAS contamination in the environment
1.8.Prominent application areas for PFAS treatment
1.9.Treatment of PFAS in water: simplified process overview
1.10.Technology landscape for treating PFAS-contaminated liquids
1.11.The need for different PFAS treatment approaches
1.12.Key factors impacting the selection of PFAS treatment approach
1.13.Benchmarking of incumbent PFAS removal technologies
1.14.Selected players for incumbent technologies for PFAS removal
1.15.Technology readiness level (TRL) for emerging PFAS removal technologies
1.16.Selected players for emerging technologies for PFAS removal
1.17.The need for PFAS destruction technologies
1.18.Incineration or sequestration: incumbent solutions for PFAS waste management
1.19.Drivers and restraints for emerging PFAS destruction technologies
1.20.Liquid-phase PFAS destruction technologies: segmented by treatment mechanism
1.21.Comparison of PFAS destruction technologies
1.22.Technology readiness level (TRL) for emerging PFAS destruction technologies
1.23.Selected players in emerging PFAS destruction technologies
1.24.Treatment methods for PFAS-contaminated solids
1.25.Selected players for technologies for PFAS treatment in solids
1.26.PFAS drinking water treatment market forecast 2025-2035
1.27.PFAS drinking water treatment market forecast 2025-2035: discussion
1.28.Summary and key takeaways
1.29.Company profiles
2.INTRODUCTION TO PFAS AND PFAS REMEDIATION
2.1.Introduction to PFAS
2.2.Established application areas for PFAS
2.3.Growing concerns about the negative impact of PFAS
2.4.Pathways for PFAS to contaminate the environment
2.5.The scale of PFAS contamination in the US: identified sites of contamination
2.6.The scale of PFAS contamination in the US: potential sites of contamination
2.7.The scale of PFAS contamination in Australia: identified sites of contamination
2.8.The scale of PFAS contamination worldwide
2.9.PFAS remediation needed to treat PFAS contamination in the environment
2.10.Report scope
2.11.PFAS categorization: long-chain PFAS vs short-chain PFAS
2.12.PFAS categorization: PFAS precursors
3.MARKET ANALYSIS FOR PFAS TREATMENT
3.1.Regulations on PFAS in water
3.1.1.Global limits on PFAS in drinking water: overview
3.1.2.Maximum contaminant limits (MCLs) for individual PFAS in different countries
3.1.3.Regulatory focus on long-chain PFAS may shift in the future
3.1.4.USA: development of the national drinking water standards for PFAS
3.1.5.USA: National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR)
3.1.6.USA: designation of PFAS as "hazardous substances" under CERCLA
3.1.7.USA: states that have set maximum contaminant levels for PFAS in drinking water
3.1.8.USA: states that have set advisory limits for PFAS in drinking water
3.1.9.USA: Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) as a precursor to further regulations on PFAS in drinking water
3.1.10.USA: future regulations to impact wastewater discharge and landfill leachate
3.1.11.EU: increasing concerns from authorities about the negative health effects of PFAS
3.1.12.EU: revised Drinking Water Directive (DWD) limiting PFAS
3.1.13.EU: developing regulations on PFAS in groundwater, surface water, and wastewater
3.2.Regulations governing PFAS-contaminated waste
3.2.1.USA: liability for generators of PFAS-containing waste under CERCLA
3.2.2.USA: transportation and disposal of PFAS-containing waste under CERCLA
3.2.3.USA: potential listing of PFAS under RCRA as hazardous constituents
3.2.4.USA: potential listing of PFAS under RCRA as hazardous waste
3.2.5.USA: potential listing of PFAS under RCRA as hazardous waste
3.2.6.USA: more PFAS may be designated as "hazardous substances" under CERCLA
3.2.7.Australia: limited options for end-of-life of spent adsorption/filtration media
3.2.8.EU: POPs Regulation governs the end-of-life of PFAS-contaminated waste
3.3.The costs of PFAS remediation
3.3.1.Increasing funding to address PFAS contamination
3.3.2.Legal action to address PFAS contamination
3.3.3.The cost of PFAS remediation outpaces funding
4.PFAS WATER TREATMENT
4.1.Introduction to PFAS water treatment
4.1.1.Treatment of PFAS in water: simplified process overview
4.1.2.Overview of applications requiring PFAS water treatment
4.1.3.The need for different PFAS treatment approaches
4.1.4.Key factors impacting the selection of PFAS treatment approach
4.1.5.Typical flow rates for different facilities
4.2.Incumbent removal technologies for PFAS in water
4.2.1.Adsorption: granular activated carbon (GAC)
4.2.2.Granular activated carbon: common carbon sources
4.2.3.GAC: impact of material type on PFAS removal capabilities
4.2.4.GAC: impact of material type on PFAS removal capabilities
4.2.5.GAC: impact of co-contaminants on PFAS removal
4.2.6.GAC: removal of short chain PFAS
4.2.7.GAC: increased costs of removing short-chain PFAS
4.2.8.High temperature thermal reactivation of granular activated carbon
4.2.9.High temperature thermal reactivation of PFAS-laden GAC
4.2.10.Future regulations may impact reactivation of PFAS-laden GAC in the US
4.2.11.PFAS-laden GAC treatment in Europe
4.2.12.Solvent-based regeneration of PFAS-laden GAC: Revive Environmental
4.2.13.Solvent-based regeneration of PFAS-laden GAC: Revive Environmental
4.2.14.Suppliers of GAC media for PFAS removal applications
4.2.15.Adsorption: powdered activated carbon (PAC)
4.2.16.Adsorption: ion exchange resins (IER)
4.2.17.Pre-treatment requirements for ion exchange resins
4.2.18.Anionic ion exchange resins: gel vs macroporous
4.2.19.Use of regenerable ion exchange resins for PFAS removal applications
4.2.20.Regenerable vs single-use ion exchange resins
4.2.21.Use of regenerable ion exchange resins for short-chain PFAS removal
4.2.22.Solvent-based regeneration of spent ion exchange resin: ECT2
4.2.23.Commercially available PFAS-selective resins
4.2.24.Chemistry of commercially available PFAS-selective resins
4.2.25.Particle size distribution of commercially available PFAS-selective resins
4.2.26.Uniformity of commercially available PFAS-selective resins
4.2.27.Capacity of commercially available PFAS-selective resins
4.2.28.Moisture retention of commercially available PFAS-selective resins
4.2.29.Comparison of adsorption methods: advantages of GAC and IER
4.2.30.Comparison of adsorption methods: disadvantages of GAC and IER
4.2.31.Comparison of removal methods: estimated treatment costs
4.2.32.Comparison of removal methods: estimated treatment costs (2)
4.2.33.Comparison of removal methods: estimated treatment costs (3)
4.2.34.High pressure membrane filtration: reverse osmosis and nanofiltration
4.2.35.Comparison of GAC, IER, and RO technologies for PFAS removal
4.2.36.Benchmarking of GAC, IER, and RO technologies for PFAS removal
4.2.37.treatment of PFAS using multiple removal technologies
4.2.38.treatment of PFAS using multiple removal technologies (2)
4.2.39.Key technical challenges for incumbent PFAS removal technologies
4.2.40.Selected players for incumbent technologies for PFAS removal
4.3.Emerging removal technologies for PFAS in water
4.3.1.Overview of emerging removal technologies for PFAS in water
4.3.2.Foam fractionation and ozofractionation for PFAS removal
4.3.3.Foam fractionation - effectiveness of removing individual PFAS
4.3.4.Foam fractionation - commercial progress
4.3.5.Emerging sorbents: polymeric sorbents for PFAS removal
4.3.6.Emerging sorbents: mineral-based sorbents for PFAS removal
4.3.7.Comparison of PFAS adsorption performance: GAC vs. emerging sorbents
4.3.8.Comparison of PFAS adsorption performance: GAC vs IER vs emerging sorbents
4.3.9.In-situ vs ex-situ treatments for PFAS removal: activated carbon
4.3.10.In-situ vs ex-situ treatments for PFAS removal: activated carbon
4.3.11.In-situ vs ex-situ treatments for PFAS removal: mineral-based sorbent
4.3.12.In-situ vs ex-situ treatments for PFAS removal: ion exchange resin
4.3.13.Emerging sorbents: in-situ vs ex-situ applications
4.3.14.Emerging sorbents - commercial products overview
4.3.15.Flocculation/coagulation technologies for PFAS removal
4.3.16.Electrostatic coagulation/concentration for PFAS removal
4.3.17.Technology readiness level (TRL) for PFAS removal technologies
4.3.18.Selected players for emerging technologies for PFAS removal
4.4.Destruction technologies for PFAS in water
4.4.1.The need to destroy PFAS in water
4.4.2.PFAS destruction: definition
4.4.3.Incineration or sequestration: incumbent solutions for PFAS waste management
4.4.4.PFAS waste management: landfilling
4.4.5.PFAS waste management: thermal treatment to destroy PFAS
4.4.6.Thermal treatment of waste: types and applicability for PFAS destruction
4.4.7.Moratorium on incineration of AFFF: US Department of Defense
4.4.8.Full list of novel destruction technologies for PFAS (part 1)
4.4.9.Full list of novel destruction technologies for PFAS (part 2)
4.4.10.Liquid-phase PFAS destruction technologies: segmented by treatment mechanism
4.4.11.Disposal and transport cost of incumbent PFAS destruction options
4.4.12.Electrochemical oxidation for PFAS destruction: overview
4.4.13.Electrochemical oxidation for PFAS destruction: key technical factors
4.4.14.Electrochemical oxidation for PFAS destruction: key commercial factors
4.4.15.Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) for PFAS destruction: overview
4.4.16.Hydrothermal alkaline treatment (HALT) for PFAS destruction: overview
4.4.17.SCWO and HALT: key technical and commercial factors
4.4.18.SCWO and HALT: key technical and commercial factors
4.4.19.Non-thermal plasma treatment for PFAS destruction: overview
4.4.20.Thermal plasma treatment for PFAS destruction
4.4.21.Plasma treatment: key technical and commercial factors
4.4.22.Photocatalysis for PFAS destruction: overview
4.4.23.Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) for photocatalytic degradation of PFAS
4.4.24.Photocatalysis: key technical factors
4.4.25.Photocatalysis: key technical and commercial factors
4.4.26.Advanced reduction processes: using a piezoelectric element to produce reactive species to degrade PFAS
4.4.27.Sonochemical oxidation (or sonolysis) for PFAS destruction: overview
4.4.28.Commercial development of sonolysis for PFAS destruction
4.4.29.Destruction technologies in the treatment flow of PFAS-contaminated water
4.4.30.Destruction technologies in the treatment flow of PFAS-contaminated water: alternative positioning
4.4.31.Destruction technologies in the treatment flow of PFAS-contaminated water: positioning as a replacement for removal technologies
4.4.32.Comparison of PFAS destruction technologies
4.4.33.PFAS destruction technologies: key considerations
4.4.34.PFAS destruction technologies: key challenges
4.4.35.Technology readiness level (TRL) for emerging PFAS destruction technologies
4.4.36.Drivers and restraints for emerging PFAS destruction technologies
4.4.37.Selected players in emerging PFAS destruction technologies
5.PFAS TREATMENT FOR SOLIDS
5.1.PFAS migration into solid-phase media
5.2.Potential regulations impacting PFAS in soil
5.3.Potential regulations impacting PFAS in sludge
5.4.Treatment methods for PFAS-contaminated solids
5.5.Soil washing (or soil scrubbing)
5.6.Soil flushing
5.7.Thermal desorption
5.8.Phytoremediation
5.9.Immobilization
5.10.In-situ immobilization of PFAS in soil: activated carbon
5.11.In-situ immobilization of PFAS in soil: mineral-based sorbents
5.12.Pyrolysis and gasification
5.13.Plasma
5.14.Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) for PFAS destruction: overview
5.15.Selected players for technologies for PFAS treatment in solids
6.APPLICATION AREAS FOR PFAS TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
6.1.Prominent application areas for PFAS treatment
6.2.Drinking water treatment
6.3.Aqueous film forming foam (AFFF)
6.4.Landfill leachate
6.5.Municipal wastewater treatment
6.6.Industrial process and wastewater
6.7.Sites with heavy PFAS contamination
6.8.Point-of-use (POU) and point-of-entry (POE) filters and systems
7.MARKET FORECAST FOR PFAS TREATMENT
7.1.Forecast methodology and assumptions
7.2.PFAS drinking water treatment market forecast 2025-2035
7.3.PFAS drinking water treatment market forecast 2025-2035: discussion
8.COMPANY PROFILES
 

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Report Statistics

Slides 213
Forecasts to 2035
Published Oct 2024
ISBN 9781835700686
 

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