This report is no longer available. Click here to view our current reports or contact us to discuss a custom report.
If you have previously purchased this report then please use the download links on the right to download the files.
| 1. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS |
| 1.1. | Purpose of this report |
| 1.2. | Misnomers |
| 1.3. | Wishful thinking |
| 1.4. | Background |
| 1.5. | Primary conclusions: context |
| 1.6. | Primary conclusions: research and development effort |
| 1.7. | Primary conclusions: performance available matched to potential applications |
| 1.7.1. | Six key points |
| 1.7.2. | Change of focus in 2021 |
| 1.7.3. | Infrasound opportunity and 2021 example |
| 1.8. | Healthcare sensors: learn from piezoelectrics |
| 1.9. | Energy harvesting of motion: transducer options compared |
| 1.10. | The vibration harvesting mirage |
| 1.11. | Primary conclusions: technical challenges and progress to market |
| 1.12. | Primary conclusions: matching TENG to market needs |
| 1.12.1. | Energy harvesting technology choice by intermittent power generated |
| 1.12.2. | Some appropriate markets |
| 1.12.3. | Market priorities for improvement |
| 1.12.4. | Hype curve for triboelectric devices |
| 1.12.5. | Timeline: triboelectric air filters & HV power, triboelectric sensors & actuators, TENG harvesters 2012-2040 |
| 1.13. | Primary conclusions: theory still needed |
| 1.14. | Primary conclusions: materials opportunities |
| 1.15. | Market forecasts |
| 1.15.1. | TENG transducer and sensor low vs high power 2020-2040 $ million |
| 1.15.2. | Addressable high power market |
| 1.15.3. | Total zero-emission power market <100MW systems 2030 and 2040 |
| 1.15.4. | Wearable technology market forecast |
| 1.15.5. | Forecast: cardiac monitoring skin patches |
| 1.15.6. | Forecast: skin patches for continuous diabetes management |
| 1.15.7. | Forecast: medical motion sensing patches |
| 1.15.8. | Haptics forecast |
| 1.15.9. | Forecast: battery assisted and active RFID |
| 1.15.10. | Potential for triboelectric air filters TAF in cars 2020-2030 |
| 1.15.11. | Triboelectric Air Filter TAF forecast |
| 2. | INTRODUCTION |
| 2.1. | Basics of energy harvesting (EH) |
| 2.2. | Features of energy harvesting |
| 2.3. | Low power vs high power off-grid |
| 2.4. | Types of EH energy source |
| 2.5. | Some of the candidates for EH by power |
| 2.6. | Low power vs high power EH features |
| 2.7. | EH transducer principles and materials |
| 2.8. | Energy harvesting transducer market success by technology |
| 2.9. | Fantasy |
| 2.10. | Energy harvesting systems |
| 2.10.1. | Architecture |
| 2.11. | Triboelectric effect |
| 2.11.1. | Overview |
| 2.11.2. | Commercialisation of EH of motion showing some TENG opportunities |
| 2.12. | How TENG fits in: EH transducer options compared |
| 2.12.1. | Production status by technology |
| 2.12.2. | Comparison of desirable features of EH technologies |
| 2.12.3. | Basics for harvesting and sensing: triboelectric dielectric series |
| 2.12.4. | Triboelectric dielectric series examples showing wide choice of properties |
| 2.12.5. | Commentary on dielectric series |
| 2.12.6. | Four ways to make a TENG |
| 2.12.7. | TENG modes with advantages, potential uses |
| 2.12.8. | Parametric advantages and challenges of triboelectric EH |
| 2.12.9. | TENG relative benefits |
| 2.12.10. | TENG relative benefits matched to potentially large markets |
| 2.13. | TENG operating principle and device optimisation in detail |
| 2.13.1. | Contact and sliding modes compared |
| 2.13.2. | Single electrode and contactless modes compared |
| 2.13.3. | Basic devices eliminating batteries: Clemson University |
| 2.13.4. | Electrostatics in energy harvesting |
| 2.14. | Lessons for the future |
| 3. | EARLY COMMERCIALISATION: FILTERS, TOYS AND NOVELTIES |
| 3.1. | First commercialisation |
| 3.1.1. | Self-powered electrostatic filters |
| 3.1.2. | Washable face masks |
| 3.1.3. | Battery free electronic toys |
| 3.1.4. | Electronic game with no battery from recycled plastic |
| 4. | MATERIALS VIRTUOSITY: SELF HEALING, TRANSPARENT, STRETCHABLE, HYDROPHOBIC, BIOCOMPATIBLE AND MORE |
| 4.1. | Self Healing |
| 4.2. | Transparent, stretchable |
| 4.3. | Biocompatible |
| 4.4. | Dendrite-free lithium metal batteries |
| 4.5. | Materials opportunities |
| 4.5.1. | Overview |
| 4.5.2. | Functionalisation and other options |
| 4.5.3. | Materials for 24 laminar TENG |
| 4.5.4. | Materials for 12 vertical arch TENG |
| 4.5.5. | Materials for 4 textile and fibre TENG |
| 4.5.6. | Materials for 8 rotating TENG |
| 4.5.7. | Materials for 13 other TENG variants |
| 5. | WEARABLE AND SURGICAL |
| 5.1. | Overview |
| 5.2. | Wearables hype curve |
| 5.3. | Examples of TENG for wearable and surgical |
| 5.4. | Trends in wearable technology that TENGs must address |
| 5.5. | Basic wearable device by component type |
| 5.6. | Categorisation of wearable sensors |
| 5.7. | Examples of experimental TENG designs |
| 5.8. | Other examples of experimental TENG designs for the human body |
| 5.9. | Textiles harvesting solar and movement |
| 5.10. | Three fibre-shaped components |
| 5.11. | Ultrastretchable, transparent triboelectric nanogenerator as electronic skin |
| 5.12. | Flexible self-powered tactile sensing skin patches |
| 6. | INTERNET OF THINGS AND UBIQUITOUS SENSING |
| 6.1. | Overview |
| 6.2. | Many challenges of IoT have been solved |
| 6.3. | Ambient energy available for energy harvesting by wireless sensors |
| 6.4. | Integrated Triboelectric Nanogenerators in the Era of the Internet of Things |
| 6.5. | Self-powered triboelectric active sensors for IOT etc |
| 6.6. | Induction coils with self-powered IoT wireless sensors |
| 7. | SELF-POWERED SENSORS |
| 7.1. | Self-powered sensors overview |
| 7.2. | Examples of sensors with printing and film |
| 7.3. | Flexible touch pad detecting contact location |
| 7.4. | Proximity and contact detection using soft planar spiral electrodes |
| 7.5. | Sensor for wide-range pressure detection in wearables |
| 7.6. | Microfluidic system for liquid sensing |
| 7.7. | Pressure mapping, touch |
| 7.8. | Self-powered implantable heart monitor |
| 8. | HIGH POWER AND COMBINED WITH OTHER EH |
| 8.1. | Charging high power energy storage |
| 8.2. | TENG as part of structural electronics changing the world |
| 8.3. | Some organisations attempting significant SE advances |
| 8.3.1. | Structural electronics patents |
| 8.3.2. | SE product and technology roadmaps 2019-2040 |
| 8.4. | Smart roads |
| 8.5. | Solar road Pavenergy China |
| 8.6. | Structural electronics manufacturing and technology readiness by applicational sector |
| 8.7. | Structural electronics as protective coating or wrap: applications compared |
| 8.8. | Structural electronics as load bearing structure: applications compared |
| 8.9. | Structural electronics technologies compared |
| 8.10. | Formats of technology |
| 8.11. | TENG capabilities by configuration |
| 8.12. | Electricity from river and sea motion |
| 8.12.1. | Hype curve for water power |
| 8.12.2. | Global potential for strong ocean power near population |
| 8.12.3. | Open water wave power options compared |
| 8.12.4. | Likely blue energy successes 2020-2030 |
| 8.12.5. | Favoured configurations so far |
| 8.12.6. | TENG for wind and ocean wave |
| 8.12.7. | Long-lived rotational TENG for water power |
| 8.12.8. | Capillary approach to water power |
| 8.12.9. | Spherical wave power generator |
| 8.12.10. | Wave power using self-cleaning surface |
| 8.13. | TENG using leaves and TENG tree for wind power |
| 8.14. | Evolution of integrated multi-mode energy harvesting |
| 8.14.1. | Four TENG modes as multi-mode harvesters |
| 8.14.2. | Much can be done with metal patterning |
| 8.14.3. | TENG multi-mode energy harvesting cases |
| Slides | 185 |
|---|---|
| Forecasts to | 2040 |