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วัสดุอิเล็กทรอนิกส์โปร่งใส, ตลาด 2021-2041
See-through micro LED, OLED, แสดง QD, หน้าต่างโซลาร์เซลล์, ไฟฟ้ามืด, เรดาร์กลาส, วงจร, เมตามาเทเรีย, เครื่องทำความร้อน, เสาอากาศ
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Hyundai promises that some of its future electric cars will retain large roof windows but they will also make enough electricity to greatly increase range. The Chinese railways are deploying trains with windows that have interactive, light-emitting colour displays visible when needed. The USA has an increasing number of farm greenhouses that let in the types of light that optimally grow plants while using the rest to make electricity. The new IDTechEx report, "Transparent Electronics Materials, Applications, Markets 2021-2041" explains. With no nostalgia or academic obscurity, it is uniquely up-to-date, comprehensive and materials and markets focused.
The rapidly expanding business of transparent electronics includes transparent electrics and optronics. The transparency is achieved using transparent materials or alternatively opaque materials in patterns that let light through as with your car window antenna and demister patterns. Indeed, in Germany they are developing headlamp glass that steers to radar beam of driverless vehicles. Germans are already offering transparent heater laminate to go over the inside fitments of electric vehicles, saving weight and power, increasing range.
The report has a comprehensive, easily grasped Executive Summary and Conclusions with new infograms and 29 forecasts. The Introduction presents the main aspects coming into prominence from 2021-2041. Chapters 3 and 4 analyse the many types of transparent display emerging Chapter 5 is a deep dive into transparent photovoltaics as it finds new uses and becomes multifunctional. Chapter 6 explains what is happening with see-through circuits whether using opaque material patterns with gaps or using transparent conductive layers. Chapter 7 addresses electrically darkened glass in buildings, vehicles and more. Chapter 8 covers enabling constructs in transparent electronic devices.
Questions answered include:
- Why are big names becoming so interested?
- What are the most vibrant, growth markets for transparent electronics 2021-2041?
- What materials are needed and how will they evolve?
- Gaps in the market? Leading researchers showing the way?
- Technical progress with transparent LCD, mini LED, micro LED, QD, OLED displays?
- Emerging applications of transparent displays?
- Transparent photovoltaics progress, new applications, multifunctionality?
- Progress with transparent circuits - what new functionality, materials, potential?
- Electrically darkening glass: progress, potential, materials?
- Enablers: construction, materials, uses of barrier layers, conductive patterns?
- Why will metamaterials become very important in transparent electronics? How?
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| 1. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS |
| 1.1. | Purpose of this report and methodology |
| 1.2. | Why is transparent electronics becoming a large business? |
| 1.3. | Why make electronics transparent? |
| 1.4. | Why make transparent things multifunctional? |
| 1.5. | 11 major conclusions |
| 1.6. | Smart city robot shuttles need many forms of transparent electronics and display |
| 1.7. | Examples of deployed transparent electronics and displays |
| 1.8. | Transparent micro LED vs OLED |
| 1.9. | Examples of planned transparent electronics |
| 1.10. | Transparent electronics roadmap 2021-2050 |
| 1.11. | Market forecast for transparent electronics by four categories $ million 2021-2041 |
| 1.12. | Transparent display forecasts percentage $M by four technologies 2021-2041 |
| 1.13. | 22 backup forecasts |
| 2. | INTRODUCTION |
| 2.1. | Transparent electronics choices |
| 2.2. | Evolution of transparent displays |
| 2.3. | Evolution of transparent circuits |
| 2.4. | Transparent mobile phones get cleverer but for what? |
| 2.4.1. | Polytron |
| 2.4.2. | LG |
| 2.4.3. | Oppo |
| 2.4.4. | Huawei |
| 2.4.5. | Samsung |
| 2.4.6. | Tianma |
| 2.5. | Technologies in future zero-emission smart cities |
| 2.6. | Smart roads, other ground area, environs |
| 2.6.1. | Roads and plazas |
| 2.6.2. | Solar road with integral lit markers - concept |
| 2.6.3. | Translucent photovoltaic barriers |
| 2.7. | Robot shuttles will be major adopter |
| 3. | TRANSPARENT LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAYS: MINI LED, MICRO LED, QD |
| 3.1. | Emerging markets for transparent light-emitting displays |
| 3.1.1. | Overview of miniLED, µLED, QLED, OLED |
| 3.1.2. | Micro and mini LED types |
| 3.1.3. | How quantum dot QD competes |
| 3.1.4. | Limited role for miniLEDs |
| 3.1.5. | µLED in action |
| 3.2. | Display requirements |
| 3.2.1. | Resolution |
| 3.2.2. | Highest transparency |
| 3.2.3. | Simple structure |
| 3.2.4. | Sensor integration |
| 3.3. | Appraisal by application |
| 3.3.1. | Overview |
| 3.3.2. | Augmented and mixed reality displays |
| 3.4. | Technology improvements to enable future micro LED displays |
| 4. | TRANSPARENT OLED OPPORTUNITIES |
| 4.1. | Transparent OLED history and current status |
| 4.2. | Commercial success |
| 4.3. | Merchandising and exhibits |
| 4.4. | GPO Display added value |
| 4.4.1. | Multi-functional windows and promotion |
| 4.5. | Transparent OLED technology |
| 4.5.1. | Overview |
| 4.5.2. | Touch-controlled transparent OLED technology |
| 4.5.3. | Projected capacitive (P-Cap) touch screen technology |
| 4.5.4. | New materials for OLED |
| 5. | TRANSPARENT PHOTOVOLTAICS |
| 5.1. | Overview |
| 5.1.1. | SOFT |
| 5.1.2. | Transparency requirements and thin film |
| 5.1.3. | Five fundamental operating principles |
| 5.1.4. | Some of the important parameters |
| 5.1.5. | Single crystal scSi vs polycrystal pSi vs amorphous |
| 5.1.6. | Best research-cell efficiencies assessed 1975-2020 |
| 5.1.7. | Important PV options beyond silicon compared |
| 5.1.8. | Materials problems being tackled |
| 5.1.9. | Photovoltaics progresses to become paint and user material |
| 5.2. | Windows for buildings and vehicles, smart watch glass |
| 5.2.1. | Vehicles: Hyundai |
| 5.2.2. | Smart watch glass: Garmin |
| 5.2.3. | Solar windows in patterned silicon: Onyx |
| 5.2.4. | Smartflex solar facades |
| 5.3. | Organic photovoltaics |
| 5.3.1. | Competitive situation |
| 5.3.2. | OPV progress to commercialisation 2000-2040 |
| 5.3.3. | Sunew |
| 5.3.4. | Heliatek |
| 5.3.5. | Opvius and Armor |
| 5.3.6. | Device architecture and Sigma Aldrich materials |
| 5.3.7. | Materials: Merck, DuPont Teijin |
| 5.3.8. | What substrates to choose? |
| 5.3.9. | Typical device architectures |
| 5.3.10. | Film morphology and degradation control for bulk heterojunction |
| 5.3.11. | R2R solution vs R2R evaporation |
| 5.3.12. | Donor polymers |
| 5.3.13. | Donor small molecules |
| 5.3.14. | Typical acceptor materials |
| 5.3.15. | Progress in solution processing |
| 5.3.16. | Progress in tandem cell evaporation |
| 5.3.17. | Solution processed 17.5% tandem OPV |
| 5.3.18. | R2R solution vs R2R evaporation |
| 5.3.19. | Major technical challenges with R2R |
| 5.3.20. | Barrier/encapsulation challenge |
| 5.3.21. | Transparent electrode |
| 5.3.22. | Big advance 2018-2020: non-fullerene acceptors NFA |
| 5.4. | Perovskite photovoltaics |
| 5.4.1. | Overview |
| 5.4.2. | Perovskite structure and device architecture |
| 5.4.3. | Working principle |
| 5.4.4. | Architectures |
| 5.4.5. | Value propositions and roadmap to 2040 |
| 5.4.6. | Perovskite materials |
| 5.4.7. | Why perovskite is so efficient |
| 5.4.8. | Efficiency versus transmission |
| 5.4.9. | Roadmap to lead-free perovskite |
| 5.4.10. | Improving life |
| 5.4.11. | Flexible perovskite solar cells |
| 5.4.12. | Deposition processes for perovskite films |
| 5.4.13. | Perovskite module cost estimation |
| 5.4.14. | Future perovskite PV system cost breakdown |
| 5.5. | Dual technology, quantum dot, wild card photovoltaics |
| 5.5.1. | Perovskite silicon tandem: EPFL, OxfordPV, Swift Solar |
| 5.5.2. | Perovskite on CIGS |
| 5.5.3. | Quantum dot |
| 5.5.4. | Toxicity |
| 5.5.5. | Wild cards: 2D materials, nantennas |
| 5.6. | Agrivoltaics comes to greenhouses: Soliculture |
| 5.7. | Solar concentrators |
| 5.8. | Quantum dot solar market |
| 6. | TRANSPARENT CIRCUITS |
| 6.1. | Overview: clocks and novelties |
| 6.2. | Conformally transparent |
| 6.3. | RadarGlass™ |
| 6.3.1. | The problem |
| 6.3.2. | The solution |
| 7. | ELECTRICALLY DARKENING GLASS |
| 7.1. | Electronic shades |
| 7.2. | Suspended particle devices |
| 7.3. | Principle of electrochromic glass |
| 7.4. | Technology comparison |
| 7.5. | Mercedes Magic Sky Control |
| 7.6. | Rivian Electrochromic Glass Roof? |
| 7.7. | Mobile office concepts |
| 7.8. | Toyota e-Palette robot shuttle in office mode |
| 7.9. | Tesla |
| 7.10. | Market applications mostly buildings... |
| 7.11. | Novel electrochromic film |
| 7.12. | Three in one smart window by NREL |
| 8. | ENABLING CONSTRUCTS TRANSPARENT METAMATERIALS, CONDUCTIVE FILMS AND BARRIER LAYERS |
| 8.1. | Overview |
| 8.2. | Transparent metamaterials |
| 8.2.1. | Introduction |
| 8.2.2. | Photonic metamaterials |
| 8.2.3. | New metamaterial optimises photovoltaic cooling and capture |
| 8.2.4. | Metamaterial guiding and enhancing light |
| 8.3. | Transparent conductive patterns |
| 8.3.1. | Overview |
| 8.3.2. | Much can be done with metal patterning alone |
| 8.3.3. | Transparent conductive layers for LED screens |
| 8.4. | Transparent barrier layers |
| 8.4.1. | Why barriers and encapsulation? |
| 8.4.2. | Barrier performance requirements (permeation rates) |
| 8.4.3. | Barrier requirements: towards flexibility and rollability |
| 8.4.4. | Plastic substrates are a challenge |
| 8.4.5. | The basis of the multi-layer approach |
| 8.4.6. | Status of R2R barrier films in performance, web width and readiness/scale |
| 8.4.7. | Challenges of R2R barrier film production |
| 8.4.8. | From glass to multi-layer films to multi-layer inline thin film encapsulation |
| 8.4.9. | Trends in TFE: Past, present and future of deposition |
| 8.4.10. | Benchmarking different barrier solutions |
| 8.4.11. | Evolution of production parameters to enable multi-layer barrier cost reduction |
Expect a $20+ billion market for smart vehicle and building windows, invisible electronic overlayers
Report Statistics
| Slides | 305 |
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