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1. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS |
1.1. | The Big Picture |
1.2. | Purpose of this report |
1.3. | Increasing percentage of electricity demand changes radically |
1.4. | "Zero Genset" concept: Transportable and available at the touch of a button |
1.5. | The zero genset opportunity extends way beyond conventional solar |
1.6. | Next toolkit for zero emission gensets: relocatable, much less intermittent |
1.6.1. | Open tide "tide stream" power options mimic wind power options |
1.6.2. | Main AWE options |
1.6.3. | Altitude of AWE vs power over cycle and addressable markets |
1.6.4. | AWE researchers and developers global spread |
1.6.5. | Ocean conversion technology winners and losers |
1.6.6. | Wave resources globally |
1.7. | Market analysis, roadmaps and forecasts 2019-2039 |
1.7.1. | Forecasts for the obsolescent genset technologies |
1.7.2. | ICE genset market vs direct and other zero emission alternatives 2019-2029 $ billion |
1.7.3. | Location of microgrids MW by region and location type |
1.7.4. | Small island populations that will value mobile ZE gensets with no fuel supply lines |
1.7.5. | Renewable source trends 2000-2026 |
1.7.6. | Projections showing solar winning and third parties increasingly investing in microgrids 2012-2020 |
1.7.7. | Mobile options that are less intermittent/ less battery 2018-2039 $ billion |
1.7.8. | Forecast for tidal stream and wave power 2018-2039 $ billion |
1.7.9. | Forecast for AWE systems >10kW 2018-2039 units, system value, market value $ million |
1.7.10. | Benchmarking of forecasts: zero emission electricity production using tethers showing wave 5 years ahead of AWE |
1.7.11. | Energy Independent Electric Vehicles EIEV 2019-2029 $ billion and launch dates |
1.7.12. | Installed ZE electricity capacity worldwide 2018, 2028, 2040, 2050 kTWh/yr and desalination part |
2. | FUTURE SOURCES FOR ZERO EMISSION GENSETS |
2.1. | Overview |
2.1.1. | A note on LCOE |
2.1.2. | Alternative fuel generator sets |
2.1.3. | Gas fuel types |
2.1.4. | Natural gas vs diesel |
2.1.5. | Natural gas generator set fuel efficiency |
2.1.6. | Biodiesel |
2.1.7. | Combined heat and power CHP |
2.1.8. | Liquid nitrogen / liquid air |
2.1.9. | Replacing diesel generators in transport refrigeration |
2.1.10. | Global generator set market share by fuel type 2017 |
2.2. | Solar |
2.2.1. | Overview |
2.2.2. | Solar vs diesel cost analysis |
2.2.3. | Future PV module price prediction |
2.2.4. | Anatomy of a solar + battery system |
2.2.5. | Power electronics |
2.2.6. | Impact on renewable energy systems |
2.2.7. | Main PV options beyond silicon |
2.2.8. | Metrics comparison of different PV technologies |
2.2.9. | Which new solar technologies and characteristics will contribute to generator set replacement? |
2.2.10. | Technology development roadmap of alternative PV technologies |
2.2.11. | Mobile solar market penetration; small scale |
2.2.12. | Mobile solar market penetration; small-to-medium scale |
2.2.13. | Floatovoltaics |
2.2.14. | PV key points |
2.3. | Wind |
2.3.1. | Wind Energy Characteristics |
2.3.2. | Wind turbines do not downscale well |
2.3.3. | Horizontal vs vertical axis |
2.3.4. | Wind + storage |
2.3.5. | How to capture the strongest winds |
2.3.6. | Airborne Wind Energy (AWE) |
2.3.7. | Why AWE may be better than a conventional wind turbine |
2.3.8. | Makani-x |
2.3.9. | Wind energy key points |
2.4. | Ocean power |
2.4.1. | Ocean power |
2.4.2. | Wave Power |
2.4.3. | Wave power key technologies |
2.4.4. | Wave power is already reducing island diesel generator dependence |
2.4.5. | Tidal stream power |
2.4.6. | Open tide "tide stream" power mimics wind power |
2.4.7. | Ocean power characteristics |
2.4.8. | Where ocean power is both strongest and close to population |
2.4.9. | Ocean power key points |
2.5. | Fuel Cells |
2.5.1. | Fuel Cells |
2.5.2. | Fuel Cell Challenges |
2.5.3. | Fuel Cell Characteristics |
2.5.4. | Fuel Cell Technologies |
2.5.5. | Fuel Cells - ammonia to have big impact for off-grid |
2.5.6. | Fuel cell key points |
2.6. | Alternative technology comparison |
2.7. | Power generating technology approximate scalability comparison |
3. | CASE STUDIES OF ZERO EMISSION TRANSPORTABLE GENSETS |
3.1. | Airborne Wind Energy gensets |
3.1.1. | Lista Fly- Kitemill Norway |
3.2. | Photovoltaics with wind turbine zero emission gensets |
3.2.1. | Aktogay Windkinetic Kazakhstan |
3.2.2. | OffGridBox |
3.2.3. | Caspian Sea Kazakhstan |
3.2.4. | IFEVS Italy energy independent electric restaurant van |
3.3. | Photovoltaic gensets |
3.3.1. | ECOS Power Cubes |
3.3.2. | Granny Smith Australia |
3.3.3. | Old Crow Canada |
3.3.4. | Odysseus solar drone USA |
3.3.5. | Okeanos Pearl Solar boat as a microgrid New Zealand |
3.3.6. | Puerto Rico |
3.3.7. | Redwood City USA |
3.4. | Tidal stream (open sea or river) zero emission gensets |
3.4.1. | Bluemull Sound - Nova Innovation, Scotland UK |
3.5. | Wave power gensets |
3.5.1. | Bali Indonesia Wello |
3.5.2. | Ghana Seabased System |
3.5.3. | Gibraltar Eco Wave Power |
3.5.4. | SPIDERS I Microgrid Hawaii USA |
3.5.5. | SPIDERS II Colorado USA |
3.5.6. | SPIDERS III Microgrid Hawaii USA |
3.5.7. | Solar Island British Virgin Islands |
3.5.8. | Kotzebue Alaska USA |
3.5.9. | Pilot Point Alaska USA |
4. | LESSONS FROM RECENT NEWS |
4.1. | Standard zero energy systems appearing at last |
4.2. | 100% renewables announcements, multi-mode harvesting gaining favour |
4.3. | Solar diesel hybrid business prospering |
4.4. | Wave and other water power prospers but microgrid conferences rarely see beyond solar |
4.5. | Seabubble Switzerland |
4.6. | ECOG Subsea Power Hub for fish farms etc. UK |
4.7. | Blue Tidal Energy |
4.8. | GKinetic Energy Ireland |
4.9. | Lucid Energy USA |
4.10. | Here comes triple mode mobile zero emission gensets |
4.10.1. | Paracus Yachts USA |
4.10.2. | Watt & Sea France |
4.11. | Microturbines find a significant place |
4.12. | Fuel cells find a small place |
4.13. | Mixed picture for diesel gensets |
4.14. | Here come the diesel bans |
Pages | 166 |
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Forecasts to | 2039 |