Utilización del dióxido de carbono 2025-2045: tecnologías, previsiones de mercado y actores
Previsiones granulares, perfiles empresariales basados en entrevistas, evaluaciones comparativas y perspectivas de mercado sobre las tecnologías de utilización del dióxido de carbono en la recuperación mejorada de petróleo, el hormigón, los combustibles, los polímeros, los productos químicos de uso inmediato, los invernaderos, las algas y las proteínas
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Carbon capture is an essential decarbonization tool for reducing emissions worldwide in line with global net-zero targets. Carbon dioxide utilization (CO2U) technologies are a sub-set of carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS) technologies that can financially incentivize CO2 capture even without carbon pricing and tax incentives.
"Carbon Dioxide Utilization 2025-2045: Technologies, Market Forecasts, and Players" provides comprehensive coverage of the global CO2 utilization space, giving in-depth analysis of the technological, economic, and environmental aspects that will impact this emerging market over the next twenty years. The report also includes a twenty-year granular forecast for the deployment of 11 CO2U product categories, alongside 40+ interview-based company profiles.
Breakdown of how the share of direct revenue from the sale of CO2 utilization product for each category will change over the next twenty years. Additional streams of revenue such as 45Q tax credits, carbon credit sales, and waste disposal fees not included. Source: IDTechEx
Carbon dioxide utilization technologies refer to the practical use of waste CO2, captured abiotically using direct air capture or point source capture of industrial emissions (including industrial biogenic carbon dioxide sources), to create financial benefits and produce net CO2 emissions reduction or removal. This report includes analysis, benchmarking, key players, and latest advancements for all emerging CO2 utilization areas, enabling emitters to identify the best opportunities in monetizing CO2 recycling.
IDTechEx considers CO2 use cases in enhanced oil recovery, building materials, liquid and gaseous fuels, polymers, chemicals, and in biological yield-boosting (crop greenhouses, algae, and proteins), exploring the technology innovations and profitability within each area.
Chemicals made from captured CO2 are already profitable
Profitable production of CO2-derived polymers has been around for decades. The total annual production capacity of polycarbonate resin using CO2U technology has reached 1 million tonnes. Other essential plastics, such as polyethylene and PET, are starting to be made from CO2 via thermochemical and biological conversion routes. Drop-in chemicals such as CO2-derived ethanol and aromatics are also being commercialized.
While potentially all carbon containing chemicals could utilize carbon dioxide in production, those requiring non-reductive pathways are the most promising due to a smaller energy demand and lack of dependency on low-carbon hydrogen. This report explores synthesis routes for chemical companies to use waste CO2 as a green feedstock, displacing petrochemical products.
CO2-derived fuels could decarbonize the aviation and shipping sectors
Alternative fuels have not achieved price parity with fossil fuels, inhibiting market uptake. However, increased market penetration of CO2-derived fuels is expected to come from regulations already being put in place, such as fuel-blend mandates for long-haul transportation. As green hydrogen electrolyzer capacity scales up worldwide, production of e-fuels from carbon dioxide using power-to-x technology (including e-methanol, synthetic natural gas, e-diesel, e-kerosene, and e-gasoline production) will also increase. Several CO2-derived fuels are already being commercially produced with many more commercial facilities expected over the next decade. These fuels are expected to play a role in decarbonizing shipping and aviation as full electrification of the aviation and maritime sectors is currently unfeasible.
CO2-derived concrete can help build a net-negative future
This report covers how CO2 utilization can lower the carbon footprint of ready-mixed concrete, precast concrete, and carbonate aggregates/supplementary cementitious materials through CO2 mineralization reactions. When CO2 is permanently stored in concrete, performance is improved, and less cement is needed. Growth of CO2-derived building materials will be driven by new certifications, superior materials performance, and the ability to achieve price parity through waste disposal fees and the sale of carbon credits.
Key questions answered in this report
- What is CO2 utilization and how can it be used to address climate change?
- How is CO2 used in the industry today?
- What is the market potential for CO2U?
- How can CO2 be converted into useful products?
- What is the technology readiness level of CO2U processes?
- What are the energy and feedstocks requirements for CO2U processes?
- How does the performance of CO2-derived products compare with their conventional counterparts?
- What are the key drivers and hurdles for CO2U market growth?
- How much do CO2U technologies cost?
- Where are the key growth opportunities for CO2U?
- Who are the key players in CO2U?
- What is the climate impact of CO2U technologies?
Key aspects
This report provides the following information
Technology trends & players analysis
• Detailed overview of captured carbon dioxide utilization technologies: carbonation, thermal and catalytic processes, electrochemical pathways, biotechnological and injection processes.
• Market potential of waste CO₂ utilization in enhanced oil recovery, construction materials, fuels, chemicals, polymers, crop greenhouses, algae cultivation, and fermentation for protein production.
• Technology readiness level (TRL) analysis.
• Technical challenges and economics of scaling up carbon dioxide utilization operations.
• Assessment of infrastructure and supply chain requirements for CO₂ utilization market uptake.
• Climate benefit potential and lifecycle assessment (LCA) overview of main CO₂-derived products.
• Benchmarking comparison between CO₂-derived products and alternative low-carbon solutions.
• Developments in manufacturing processes using captured CO₂ as a feedstock.
• Latest developments in key policies influencing the Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) market.
• Analysis of CCU players latest developments, observing trends, partnerships, key patents, projects announced, and funding.
• Interview-based primary information from key companies.
Market Forecasts & Analysis:
• 20-year granular market forecasts for both established (CO₂-EOR) and emerging markets of CO₂ utilization, the latter subdivided in 11 application areas.
| Report Metrics | Details |
|---|---|
| CAGR | Sales from utilizing captured CO₂ will directly generate US$240 billion in revenue in 2045. This represents a CAGR of 15.2% compared to 2025. |
| Forecast Period | 2023 - 2045 |
| Forecast Units | CO₂ utilized (Mt), Product revenue (USD$), Product volume (Mt) |
| Regions Covered | Worldwide |
| Segments Covered | CO₂ enhanced oil recovery, CO₂-derived construction materials (ready-mixed concrete mixing, precast concrete curing, and CO₂-derived aggregates), CO₂-derived fuels (methanol, synthetic natural gas, and synfuels), CO₂-derived polymers and commodity chemicals, CO₂ use to boost biological yields in greenhouses, algae cultivation, and fermentation for protein production. |
Analyst access from IDTechEx
All report purchases include up to 30 minutes telephone time with an expert analyst who will help you link key findings in the report to the business issues you're addressing. This needs to be used within three months of purchasing the report.
Further information
If you have any questions about this report, please do not hesitate to contact our report team at research@IDTechEx.com or call one of our sales managers:
ASIA: +44 1223 810259
| 1. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY |
| 1.1. | Why CO₂ utilization? |
| 1.2. | CO₂ utilization pathways |
| 1.3. | CO₂-EOR dominates utilization of captured CO₂ |
| 1.4. | World's large-scale CO₂ capture with CO₂-EOR facilities |
| 1.5. | Key takeaways in CO₂-EOR |
| 1.6. | Emerging applications of CO₂ utilization |
| 1.7. | Comparison of emerging CO₂ utilization applications |
| 1.8. | Technology Readiness Level (TRL): CO₂U products |
| 1.9. | Key players in emerging CO₂ Utilization technologies |
| 1.10. | Production of CO₂-derived building materials is growing fast |
| 1.11. | CO₂ use in the cement and concrete supply chain |
| 1.12. | Competitive landscape: TRL of players in CO₂U concrete |
| 1.13. | Key takeaways in CO₂-derived building materials |
| 1.14. | Carbon-containing chemicals could be made from CO₂ |
| 1.15. | The chemical industry's decarbonization challenge |
| 1.16. | Major pathways to convert CO₂ into polymers |
| 1.17. | Key takeaways in CO₂-derived chemicals and polymers |
| 1.18. | CO₂-derived fuels could decarbonize transport |
| 1.19. | Key takeaways in CO₂-derived fuels |
| 1.20. | CO₂ utilization to boost biological yields |
| 1.21. | Key takeaways in CO₂ biological yield boosting |
| 1.22. | Factors driving CO₂U future market potential |
| 1.23. | Greater policy and regulation support for CO₂U is needed |
| 1.24. | Carbon utilization potential and climate benefits |
| 1.25. | CO₂ utilization: Analyst viewpoint (i) |
| 1.26. | CO₂ utilization: Analyst viewpoint (ii) |
| 1.27. | CO₂ utilization: Analyst viewpoint (iii) |
| 1.28. | CO₂ utilization forecast by product (million tonnes of CO₂ per year), 2025-2045 |
| 1.29. | CO₂ utilization market forecast, 2025-2045: discussion |
| 2. | INTRODUCTION |
| 2.1. | Definition and report scope |
| 2.2. | The world needs an unprecedented transition away from fossil carbon |
| 2.3. | Why CO₂ utilization? |
| 2.4. | How is CO₂ used and sourced today? |
| 2.5. | CO₂ utilization pathways |
| 2.6. | Reductive vs non-reductive methods |
| 2.7. | CO₂ Utilization in Enhanced Oil Recovery |
| 2.8. | CO₂ Utilization in Enhanced Oil Recovery |
| 2.9. | Main emerging applications of CO₂ utilization |
| 2.10. | Emerging applications of CO₂ utilization |
| 2.11. | Carbon Utilization potential and climate benefits |
| 2.12. | When can CO₂ utilization be considered "net-zero"? |
| 2.13. | Greater policy and regulation support for CO₂U is needed |
| 2.14. | Carbon pricing and carbon markets |
| 2.15. | Compliance carbon pricing mechanisms across the globe |
| 2.16. | Alternative to carbon pricing: 45Q tax credits |
| 2.17. | How is CO₂ utilization treated in existing regulations? |
| 2.18. | 45Q tax credits and CO₂ utilization |
| 2.19. | The role of voluntary carbon credits in supporting CO₂ utilization |
| 2.20. | Is the origin of CO₂ important? |
| 2.21. | Factors driving future market potential |
| 2.22. | IDTechEx TRL assessment for large-scale CO₂ utilization |
| 2.23. | Technology Readiness Level (TRL): CO₂U products |
| 2.24. | CO₂U Products: utilization ratio and selling price |
| 2.25. | Cost effectiveness of CO₂ utilization applications |
| 2.26. | New CO₂ transportation infrastructure expected to emerge rapidly |
| 2.27. | Investment in CO₂ utilization continues to grow |
| 2.28. | Governments are also funding CCU companies and commercial projects |
| 2.29. | Technical challenges of major CO₂U applications |
| 2.30. | Climate benefits of major CO₂U applications |
| 2.31. | Technology readiness and climate benefits of CO₂U pathways |
| 2.32. | Key considerations for CO₂U market growth |
| 2.33. | Realizing the potential of CO₂ utilization |
| 2.34. | Carbon utilization business models |
| 2.35. | Why CO₂ utilization should not be overlooked |
| 2.36. | Conclusions |
| 3. | CO₂ ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY |
| 3.1. | What is CO₂-EOR? |
| 3.2. | What happens to the injected CO₂? |
| 3.3. | Types of CO₂-EOR designs |
| 3.4. | The CO₂ source: natural vs anthropogenic |
| 3.5. | The CO₂ source impacts costs and technology choice |
| 3.6. | Global status of CO₂-EOR: U.S. dominates but other regions arise |
| 3.7. | World's large-scale CO₂ capture with CO₂-EOR facilities |
| 3.8. | Most CCUS projects are coupled with enhanced oil recovery for financial viability |
| 3.9. | CO₂-EOR potential |
| 3.10. | Most CO₂ in the U.S. is still naturally sourced |
| 3.11. | CO₂-EOR main players in the U.S. |
| 3.12. | CO₂-EOR main players in North America |
| 3.13. | CO₂ transportation is a bottleneck |
| 3.14. | Which CCUS/EOR project is the biggest? |
| 3.15. | Boundary Dam - battling capture technical issues |
| 3.16. | CO₂-EOR in China |
| 3.17. | The economics of promoting CO₂ storage through CO₂-EOR |
| 3.18. | Role of Carbon sequestration tax credits: the U.S. 45Q |
| 3.19. | The impact of oil prices on CO₂-EOR feasibility |
| 3.20. | Petra Nova's long shutdown: lessons for the industry? |
| 3.21. | Climate considerations in CO₂-EOR |
| 3.22. | The climate impact of CO₂-EOR varies over time |
| 3.23. | CO₂-EOR: an on-ramp for CCS and DACCS? |
| 3.24. | CO₂-EOR: Progressive or "Greenwashing" |
| 3.25. | Future advancements in CO₂-EOR |
| 3.26. | CO₂-EOR SWOT analysis |
| 3.27. | Key takeaways: market |
| 3.28. | Key takeaways: environmental |
| 4. | CO₂ UTILIZATION IN BUILDING MATERIALS |
| 4.1. | Introduction |
| 4.1.1. | The role of concrete in the construction sector emissions |
| 4.1.2. | The role of cement in concrete's carbon footprint |
| 4.1.3. | The role of cement in concrete's carbon footprint (ii) |
| 4.1.4. | Regulations driving concrete decarbonization |
| 4.1.5. | The Basic Chemistry: CO₂ Mineralization |
| 4.1.6. | CO₂ use in the cement and concrete supply chain |
| 4.1.7. | Can the CO₂ used in building materials come from cement plants? |
| 4.2. | CO₂ utilization in concrete curing or mixing |
| 4.2.1. | CO₂ utilization in concrete curing or mixing |
| 4.2.2. | CO₂ utilization in concrete curing or mixing (ii) |
| 4.2.3. | CO₂ utilization in concrete curing - technologies and business models |
| 4.2.4. | CO₂ utilization in concrete curing or mixing - production capacities |
| 4.3. | CO₂ utilization in carbonates (aggregates and additives) |
| 4.3.1. | CO₂ utilization in carbonates (aggregates and additives) |
| 4.3.2. | CO₂-derived carbonates from natural minerals |
| 4.3.3. | CO₂-derived carbonates from waste |
| 4.3.4. | CO₂-derived carbonates from waste (ii) |
| 4.3.5. | Carbonation of recycled concrete in a cement plant |
| 4.3.6. | Carbonation of recycled concrete players |
| 4.3.7. | CO₂ utilization in carbonates - technologies and business models (i) |
| 4.3.8. | CO₂ utilization in carbonates - technologies and business models (ii) |
| 4.3.9. | CO₂ utilization in carbonates - production capacities |
| 4.4. | Market analysis of CO₂-derived building materials |
| 4.4.1. | The market potential of CO₂ use in the construction industry |
| 4.4.2. | Supplying CO₂ to a decentralized concrete industry |
| 4.4.3. | Future of CO₂ supply for concrete |
| 4.4.4. | Prefabricated versus ready-mixed concrete markets |
| 4.4.5. | Market dynamics of cement and concrete |
| 4.4.6. | CO₂U business models in building materials |
| 4.4.7. | CO₂ derived concrete: carbon credits |
| 4.4.8. | Construction standards can delay adoption of new materials |
| 4.4.9. | Construction standards met by CO₂U concrete players |
| 4.4.10. | CO₂U technology adoption in construction materials |
| 4.4.11. | CO₂ utilization players in mineralization |
| 4.4.12. | Competitive landscape: TRL of players in CO₂U concrete |
| 4.4.13. | Factors influencing CO₂U adoption in construction |
| 4.4.14. | Factors influencing CO₂U adoption in construction (ii) |
| 4.4.15. | Concrete carbon footprint of key CO₂U companies |
| 4.4.16. | Cement reduction and direct sequestration carbon footprint components |
| 4.4.17. | Key takeaways in CO₂-derived building materials |
| 4.4.18. | Key takeaways in CO₂-derived building materials (ii) |
| 4.4.19. | Key takeaways in CO₂-derived building materials (iii) |
| 5. | CO₂-DERIVED CHEMICALS |
| 5.1. | Introduction |
| 5.1.1. | The chemical industry's decarbonization challenge |
| 5.1.2. | CO₂ can be converted into a giant range of chemicals |
| 5.1.3. | Using CO₂ as a feedstock is energy-intensive |
| 5.1.4. | The basics: types of CO₂ utilization reactions |
| 5.1.5. | CO₂ conversion pathways in this chapter |
| 5.1.6. | CO₂ use in urea production |
| 5.2. | CO₂-derived chemicals: thermochemical pathways |
| 5.2.1. | CO₂ may need to be first converted into CO or syngas |
| 5.2.2. | Reverse water gas shift (RWGS) overview |
| 5.2.3. | RWGS catalyst innovation case study |
| 5.2.4. | Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: syngas to hydrocarbons |
| 5.2.5. | Direct Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: CO₂ to hydrocarbons |
| 5.2.6. | Methanol is a valuable chemical feedstock |
| 5.2.7. | Cost parity has been a challenge for CO₂-derived methanol |
| 5.2.8. | Thermochemical methods: CO₂-derived methanol |
| 5.2.9. | Carbon Recycling International: Direct hydrogenation |
| 5.2.10. | Direct methanol synthesis from H2O & CO₂ |
| 5.2.11. | Major CO₂-derived methanol projects |
| 5.2.12. | Future methanol applications |
| 5.2.13. | Aromatic hydrocarbons from CO₂ |
| 5.3. | CO₂-derived chemicals: electrochemical pathways |
| 5.3.1. | Electrochemical CO₂ reduction |
| 5.3.2. | Electrochemical CO₂ reduction technologies |
| 5.3.3. | Low-temperature electrochemical CO₂ reduction |
| 5.3.4. | ECO₂Fuel Project |
| 5.3.5. | High-temperature solid oxide electrolyzers |
| 5.3.6. | Solid oxide electrolyzer (SOEC) overview |
| 5.3.7. | SOEC co-electrolysis project case study |
| 5.3.8. | Comparison of RWGS & SOEC co-electrolysis routes |
| 5.3.9. | SOEC & SOFC system suppliers |
| 5.3.10. | H2O electrolysis industry much more developed than CO₂ electrolysis |
| 5.3.11. | Topsoe |
| 5.3.12. | Cost comparison of CO₂ electrochemical technologies |
| 5.3.13. | Coupling H2 and electrochemical CO₂ |
| 5.3.14. | What products can be made from CO₂ reduction? |
| 5.3.15. | Economic viability CO₂ reduction products |
| 5.3.16. | USA and Europe leading the way in CO₂ electrolysis |
| 5.3.17. | Summary of electrochemical CO₂ reduction |
| 5.4. | CO₂-derived chemicals: Microbial conversion pathways |
| 5.4.1. | CO₂ microbial conversion to produce chemicals |
| 5.4.2. | Tools and techniques of synthetic biology |
| 5.4.3. | CO₂-consuming microorganisms |
| 5.4.4. | Introduction to CRISPR-Cas9 |
| 5.4.5. | CRISPR-Cas9: a bacterial immune system |
| 5.4.6. | Gene-editing considerations for acetogens |
| 5.4.7. | LanzaTech |
| 5.4.8. | Key challenges in chemosynthesis |
| 5.4.9. | Key players in chemosynthetic biological conversion for CO₂ utilization |
| 5.4.10. | Scaling bioreactors - specific technical challenges |
| 5.4.11. | Introduction to cell-free systems |
| 5.4.12. | Cell-free versus cell-based systems |
| 5.4.13. | Biological conversion pathways to CO₂-derived chemicals studied in academia |
| 5.5. | CO₂-derived chemicals: Photocatalytic, photoelectrochemical, plasma conversion |
| 5.5.1. | "Artificial photosynthesis" - photocatalytic reduction methods |
| 5.5.2. | Plasma technology for CO₂ conversion |
| 5.6. | CO₂-derived polymers |
| 5.6.1. | Major pathways to convert CO₂ into polymers |
| 5.6.2. | CO₂-derived linear-chain polycarbonates |
| 5.6.3. | Commercial production of polycarbonate from CO₂ |
| 5.6.4. | Asahi Kasei: CO₂-based aromatic polycarbonates |
| 5.6.5. | Commercial production of CO₂-derived polymers |
| 5.6.6. | Methanol to olefins (polypropylene production) |
| 5.6.7. | Ethanol to polymers |
| 5.6.8. | Project announcements in 2023: Electrochemical polymer production |
| 5.6.9. | PHB from Biological Conversion: Newlight |
| 5.7. | CO₂-derived pure carbon products |
| 5.7.1. | Carbon nanostructures made from CO₂ |
| 5.7.2. | Mars Materials |
| 5.8. | CO₂-derived chemicals: market and general considerations |
| 5.8.1. | Players in CO₂-derived chemicals by end-product |
| 5.8.2. | CO₂-derived chemicals: market potential |
| 5.8.3. | Are CO₂-derived chemicals climate beneficial? |
| 5.8.4. | Technology Readiness Level (TRL): CO₂U chemicals |
| 5.8.5. | Investments and industrial collaboration are key |
| 5.8.6. | Steel-off gases as a CO₂U feedstock |
| 5.8.7. | Centralized or distributed chemical manufacturing? |
| 5.8.8. | Could the chemical industry run on CO₂? |
| 5.9. | CO₂-derived chemicals: takeaways |
| 5.9.1. | Which CO₂U technologies are more suitable to which products? |
| 5.9.2. | Key takeaways in CO₂-derived chemicals |
| 6. | CO₂-DERIVED FUELS |
| 6.1. | What are CO₂-derived fuels (power-to-X)? |
| 6.2. | CO₂ can be converted into a variety of fuels |
| 6.3. | Overview of e-fuel uses & production pathways |
| 6.4. | Comparison of e-fuels to fossil and biofuels |
| 6.5. | Overview of energy & carbon flows in e-fuel production |
| 6.6. | The challenge of energy efficiency |
| 6.7. | CO₂-fuels are pertinent to a specific context |
| 6.8. | CO₂-fuels in road vehicles |
| 6.9. | Methanol-to-gasoline (MTG) synthesis |
| 6.10. | MTG e-fuel plant case study |
| 6.11. | CO₂-fuels in shipping |
| 6.12. | CO₂-fuels in aviation |
| 6.13. | Sustainable aviation fuel policies (i) |
| 6.14. | Sustainable aviation fuel policies (ii) |
| 6.15. | Fuels made from CO₂ are seeing demand from the aviation and shipping sectors |
| 6.16. | Existing and future CO₂-derived synfuels (kerosene, diesel, and gasoline) projects |
| 6.17. | The source of captured CO₂ matters |
| 6.18. | CO₂ source for e-fuel production under the EU's Renewable Energy Directive |
| 6.19. | Status of DAC for e-fuel production |
| 6.20. | Overview of syngas production options for e-fuels |
| 6.21. | Key players in reverse water gas shift (RWGS) for e-fuels |
| 6.22. | Start-ups in reverse water gas shift (RWGS) for e-fuels |
| 6.23. | RWGS-FT e-fuel plant case study |
| 6.24. | Methanation overview |
| 6.25. | Thermocatalytic pathway to e-methane |
| 6.26. | Thermocatalytic methanation case study |
| 6.27. | Biological fermentation of CO₂ into e-methane |
| 6.28. | Biocatalytic methanation case study |
| 6.29. | Thermocatalytic vs biocatalytic methanation |
| 6.30. | SWOT for methanation technology |
| 6.31. | Existing and future CO₂-derived methane projects |
| 6.32. | Power-to-Methane projects worldwide - current and announced |
| 6.33. | Methanation company landscape |
| 6.34. | High costs of e-fuel production |
| 6.35. | Can CO₂-fuels achieve cost parity with fossil-fuels? |
| 6.36. | CO₂-fuels rollout is linked to electrolyzer capacity |
| 6.37. | Low-carbon hydrogen is crucial to CO₂-fuels |
| 6.38. | Technology & process developers in e-fuels by end-product |
| 6.39. | Project developers in e-fuels by end-product |
| 6.40. | SWOT analysis for e-fuels |
| 6.41. | Are CO₂-fuels climate beneficial? |
| 6.42. | CO₂-derived fuels: market potential |
| 6.43. | Key takeaways in CO₂-derived fuels |
| 7. | CO₂ UTILIZATION IN BIOLOGICAL YIELD BOOSTING |
| 7.1. | Introduction |
| 7.1.1. | CO₂ utilization in biological processes |
| 7.1.2. | Main companies using CO₂ in biological processes |
| 7.2. | CO₂ utilization in greenhouses |
| 7.2.1. | CO₂ enrichment in greenhouses |
| 7.2.2. | CO₂ enrichment in greenhouses: market potential |
| 7.2.3. | CO₂ enrichment in greenhouses: pros and cons |
| 7.2.4. | Advancements in greenhouse CO₂ enrichment |
| 7.3. | CO₂ utilization in algae cultivation |
| 7.3.1. | CO₂-enhanced algae or cyanobacteria cultivation |
| 7.3.2. | CO₂-enhanced algae cultivation: open systems |
| 7.3.3. | CO₂-enhanced algae cultivation: closed systems |
| 7.3.4. | Algae can be used directly for CO₂ capture |
| 7.3.5. | Algae has multiple market applications |
| 7.3.6. | The algae-based fuel market has been rocky |
| 7.3.7. | Algae-based fuel for aviation |
| 7.3.8. | CO₂-enhanced algae cultivation: pros and cons |
| 7.4. | CO₂ utilization in microbial conversion: food and feed production |
| 7.4.1. | Food and feed from CO₂ |
| 7.4.2. | CO₂-derived food and feed: market |
| 7.4.3. | Carbon fermentation: pros and cons |
| 7.4.4. | Key takeaways in CO₂ biological yield boosting |
| 8. | CO₂ UTILIZATION MARKET FORECAST |
| 8.1. | Forecast methodology |
| 8.1.1. | Forecast scope and methodology |
| 8.1.2. | Forecast product categories |
| 8.2. | CO₂ utilization overall market forecast |
| 8.2.1. | CO₂ utilization forecast by category (million tonnes of CO₂ per year), 2025-2045 |
| 8.2.2. | CO₂ utilization forecast by product (million tonnes of CO₂ per year), 2025-2045 |
| 8.2.3. | Data table for CO₂ utilization forecast by product (million tonnes of CO₂ per year) |
| 8.2.4. | Carbon utilization annual revenue forecast by category (billion US$), 2025-2045 |
| 8.2.5. | Carbon utilization annual revenue forecast by product (billion US$), 2025-2045 |
| 8.2.6. | CO₂ utilization market forecast, 2025-2045: discussion |
| 8.2.7. | The evolution of the CO₂U market |
| 8.3. | CO₂-Enhanced Oil Recovery forecast |
| 8.3.1. | CO₂-EOR forecast assumptions |
| 8.3.2. | CO₂ utilization forecast in enhanced oil recovery (million tonnes of CO₂ per year), 2025-2045 |
| 8.3.3. | Annual revenue forecast for CO₂-enhanced oil recovery (billion US$), 2025-2045 |
| 8.3.4. | Captured CO₂ use in EOR, 2025-2045: discussion |
| 8.4. | CO₂-derived building materials forecast |
| 8.4.1. | CO₂-derived building materials: forecast assumptions |
| 8.4.2. | CO₂ utilization forecast in building materials by end-use (million tonnes of CO₂ per year), 2025-2045 |
| 8.4.3. | CO₂-derived building materials volume forecast by product (million tonnes of product per year), 2025-2045 |
| 8.4.4. | Annual revenue forecast for CO₂-derived building materials by product (million US$), 2025-2045 |
| 8.4.5. | CO₂-derived building materials forecast, 2025-2045: discussion (i) |
| 8.4.6. | CO₂-derived building materials forecast, 2025-2045: discussion (ii) |
| 8.5. | CO₂-derived chemicals forecast |
| 8.5.1. | CO₂-derived chemicals: forecast assumptions |
| 8.5.2. | CO₂ utilization forecast in chemicals by end-use (million tonnes of CO₂ per year), 2025-2045 |
| 8.5.3. | CO₂-derived chemicals volume forecast by end-use (million tonnes product per year), 2025-2045 |
| 8.5.4. | Annual revenue forecast for CO₂-derived chemicals by end-use (million US$), 2025-2045 |
| 8.5.5. | CO₂-derived chemicals forecast, 2025-2045: discussion |
| 8.6. | CO₂-derived fuels forecast |
| 8.6.1. | CO₂-derived fuels: forecast assumptions |
| 8.6.2. | CO₂ utilization forecast in fuels by fuel type (million tonnes of CO₂ per year), 2025-2045 |
| 8.6.3. | CO₂-derived fuels volume forecast by fuel type (million tonnes of fuel per year), 2025-2045 |
| 8.6.4. | Annual revenue forecast for CO₂-derived fuels by fuel type (million US$), 2025-2045 |
| 8.6.5. | CO₂-derived fuels forecast, 2025-2045: discussion (i) |
| 8.6.6. | CO₂-derived fuels forecast, 2025-2045: discussion (ii) |
| 8.7. | CO₂ use in biological yield-boosting forecast |
| 8.7.1. | CO₂ use in biological yield-boosting: forecast assumptions (greenhouses) |
| 8.7.2. | CO₂ use in biological yield-boosting: forecast assumptions (algae and proteins) |
| 8.7.3. | CO₂ utilization forecast in biological yield-boosting by end-use (million tonnes of CO₂ per year), 2025-2045 |
| 8.7.4. | Annual revenue forecast for CO₂ use in biological yield-boosting by end-use (million US$), 2025-2045 |
| 8.7.5. | CO₂ use in biological yield-boosting forecast, 2025-2045: discussion (greenhouses) |
| 8.7.6. | CO₂ use in biological yield-boosting forecast, 2025-2045: discussion (algae & proteins) |
| 9. | COMPANY PROFILES |
| 9.1. | Adaptavate |
| 9.2. | Aether Diamonds |
| 9.3. | Arborea |
| 9.4. | Avantium: Volta Technology |
| 9.5. | Carboclave |
| 9.6. | Carbon Corp |
| 9.7. | Carbon Neutral Fuels |
| 9.8. | Carbon Recycling International |
| 9.9. | Carbonaide |
| 9.10. | CarbonBridge |
| 9.11. | CarbonBuilt |
| 9.12. | CarbonCure |
| 9.13. | CarbonFree |
| 9.14. | Chiyoda: CCUS |
| 9.15. | CO2 GRO Inc. |
| 9.16. | Coval Energy |
| 9.17. | Deep Branch |
| 9.18. | Econic Technologies |
| 9.19. | Fortera Corporation |
| 9.20. | GreenCap Solutions |
| 9.21. | Greenore |
| 9.22. | INERATEC |
| 9.23. | LanzaJet |
| 9.24. | LanzaTech |
| 9.25. | Liquid Wind |
| 9.26. | Mars Materials |
| 9.27. | neustark |
| 9.28. | Newlight Technologies |
| 9.29. | O.C.O Technology |
| 9.30. | OXCCU |
| 9.31. | OxEon Energy |
| 9.32. | Paebbl |
| 9.33. | Prometheus Fuels |
| 9.34. | Q Power |
| 9.35. | Seratech |
| 9.36. | Solar Foods |
| 9.37. | Solidia Technologies |
| 9.38. | Synhelion |
| 9.39. | Twelve Corporation |
| 9.40. | UP Catalyst |
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Las ventas derivadas de la utilización de CO₂ capturado generarán directamente 240 000 millones de dólares en ingresos en 2045.
Report Statistics
| Slides | 349 |
|---|---|
| Companies | 40 |
| Forecasts to | 2045 |
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