This report has been updated. Click here to view latest edition.
If you have previously purchased the archived report below then please use the download links on the right to download the files.
1. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY |
1.1. | Trends in the Li-ion market |
1.2. | Trends in the Li-ion market - China |
1.3. | Key technology developments 1 |
1.4. | Comparing cathodes - a high-level overview |
1.5. | Cathode suitability |
1.6. | How different will Li-ion materials be? |
1.7. | Raw material price volatility |
1.8. | How high can energy density go? |
1.9. | Technology roadmap |
1.10. | European gigafactories announced by 2018 |
1.11. | European gigafactories announced to date |
1.12. | How much to build one GWh of capacity? |
1.13. | Demand for Li-ion shifting |
1.14. | Drivers for electric vehicles - China |
1.15. | European investment in the supply chain |
1.16. | Potential for battery shortages |
1.17. | Potential for raw material shortage |
1.18. | Supply and demand overview |
1.19. | Forecast Li-ion battery demand, GWh |
1.20. | LIB cell price forecast |
2. | INTRODUCTION |
2.1. | Importance of energy storage |
2.2. | Electric vehicles needed |
2.3. | What is a Li-ion battery? |
2.4. | Electrochemistry definitions 1 |
2.5. | Useful charts for performance comparison |
2.6. | Why lithium? |
2.7. | Primary lithium batteries |
2.8. | Ragone plots |
2.9. | More than one type of Li-ion battery |
2.10. | Commercial anodes - graphite |
2.11. | The battery trilemma |
2.12. | Battery wish list |
3. | RAW MATERIALS |
3.1. | The Li-ion supply chain |
3.2. | The elements used in Li-ion batteries |
3.3. | Mining supply chain model |
3.4. | EU critical raw materials |
3.5. | Weight content of a Li-ion cell |
3.6. | Raw material supply |
3.7. | Where is lithium located? |
3.8. | Cobalt in the DRC |
3.9. | Geographic breakdown of nickel mining |
3.10. | Natural graphite mining |
4. | ELECTRODE MATERIALS |
4.1. | Cathode |
4.2. | Cathode recap |
4.3. | Cathode history |
4.4. | Cathode materials - LCO and LFP |
4.5. | Cathode materials - NMC, NCA and LMO |
4.6. | Cathode performance comparison |
4.7. | Understanding cathodes |
4.8. | Why high nickel? |
4.9. | Why LCO for consumer devices? |
4.10. | Geographical breakdown of cathode production |
4.11. | Cathode player manufacturing |
4.12. | Major cathode players |
4.13. | Chemistry production spread |
4.14. | Cathode supply relationships |
4.15. | Cathode powder synthesis (NMC) |
4.16. | Cathode development |
4.17. | Complexity of cathode chemistry |
4.18. | NMC development - from 111 to 811 |
4.19. | Cathode materials - NCA |
4.20. | Stabilising high-nickel NMC |
4.21. | Will it all be NMC 811? |
4.22. | CamX Power cathode technology |
4.23. | Protective coatings |
4.24. | Protective coatings - companies |
4.25. | LFP for Tesla Model 3? |
4.26. | LFP vs NMC |
4.27. | LMFP cathodes |
4.28. | LMFP commercialisation |
4.29. | Future cathode possibilities |
4.30. | High manganese cathodes |
4.31. | GM to use NCMA |
4.32. | High voltage cathode |
4.33. | High voltage cathodes - NanoOne |
4.34. | Beyond metal percentages |
4.35. | Cathode price analysis |
4.36. | Future NMC/NCM - Umicore |
4.37. | Patent litigation over NMC/NCM - Umicore vs. BASF |
4.38. | Patent litigation over NMC/NCM - Umicore vs. BASF |
4.39. | Patent litigation - the positive example of LFP |
4.40. | LCO overview |
4.41. | LMO overview |
4.42. | LFP overview |
4.43. | Low-nickel NMC overview |
4.44. | High-nickel NMC overview |
4.45. | NCA overview |
4.46. | Cathode suitability |
4.47. | Cathode outlook - which chemistries will be used? |
4.48. | Cathode outlook |
4.49. | Cathode outlook - annotated |
4.50. | Li-ion market by cathode material |
4.51. | Anode |
4.52. | Anode materials |
4.53. | Introduction to graphite |
4.54. | Natural or synthetic in LIB? |
4.55. | Coated spherical purified graphite (CSPG) |
4.56. | Natural graphite for LIBs |
4.57. | Synthetic graphite production |
4.58. | Suppliers of active graphite material |
4.59. | Suppliers of active graphite material |
4.60. | Hard carbon as additive for LIBs - Kuraray |
4.61. | The promise of silicon |
4.62. | The reality of silicon |
4.63. | How much can silicon improve energy density? |
4.64. | Commercial technology directions |
4.65. | Established company interest in silicon |
4.66. | Silicon anode material - Wacker Chemie |
4.67. | Solutions for silicon incorporation |
4.68. | Key silicon patents overview |
4.69. | Money in silicon |
4.70. | Continuous money in silicon |
4.71. | Silicon anodes - mergers, acquisitions, investments |
4.72. | Opportunities to enable silicon |
4.73. | When will we see silicon dominant (anode) cells? |
4.74. | Outlook on anodes |
4.75. | Silicon dominant anodes ready for commercialisation? |
4.76. | Introduction to lithium titanate oxide (LTO) |
4.77. | Comparing LTO and graphite |
4.78. | Commercial LTO comparisons |
4.79. | Where will LTO play a role? |
4.80. | Increased demand for LTO |
4.81. | LTO for e-buses |
4.82. | LTO for heavy-duty and hybrids |
4.83. | Lithium metal |
4.84. | Issues for lithium metal |
4.85. | Anodes compared |
4.86. | Li-ion demand by anode, GWh |
5. | ELECTROLYTE AND SEPARATORS |
5.1. | Inactive materials negatively affect energy density |
5.2. | What is in a cell? |
5.3. | Introduction to Li-ion electrolytes |
5.4. | Electrolyte decomposition |
5.5. | Electrolyte additives |
5.6. | Developments at Dalhousie University |
5.7. | Electrolyte manufacturers |
5.8. | Electrolyte suppliers |
5.9. | Introduction to Separators |
5.10. | Polyolefin separator |
5.11. | Separator manufacturing |
5.12. | Separator market overview |
5.13. | Separator capacity announcements |
5.14. | Major separator manufacturers |
5.15. | Soteria's separators |
5.16. | Solid-state battery value chain |
5.17. | Solid-state electrolytes |
5.18. | Solid-state electrolyte technology approach |
5.19. | Supply issues for lithium metal |
5.20. | Manufacturability of solid-state batteries |
5.21. | Solid state battery news and trends |
6. | CURRENT COLLECTORS |
6.1. | Aluminium and copper |
6.2. | Current collectors |
6.3. | Porous current collectors - Nano-Nouvelle |
6.4. | Mesh current collectors |
6.5. | Perforated foils |
6.6. | Plastic current collectors |
6.7. | Soteria business model and value proposition |
7. | BINDERS AND CONDUCTIVE ADDITIVES |
7.1. | Binders |
7.2. | Binders - aqueous vs non-aqueous |
7.3. | Arkema |
7.4. | Conductive agents |
7.5. | Carbon nanotube use |
7.6. | Conductive frameworks - Nanoramic |
7.7. | Carbon nanotubes - OCSiAl |
8. | BATTERY MANAGEMENT |
8.1. | Introduction to battery management systems |
8.2. | Fast charging and degradation |
8.3. | Importance of fast charging |
8.4. | Operational limits of LIBs |
8.5. | BMS - STAFL systems |
8.6. | Pulse charging |
8.7. | Cell balancing |
8.8. | Consequences of cell imbalance |
8.9. | Active or passive balancing? |
8.10. | State-of-charge estimation |
8.11. | State-of-health and remaining-useful-life estimation |
8.12. | Value of BMS |
9. | CELL DESIGN |
9.1. | Commercial battery packaging technologies |
9.2. | Automotive format choices |
9.3. | Cell formats |
9.4. | Comparison of commercial cell formats |
9.5. | Which cell format to choose? |
9.6. | Bipolar batteries |
9.7. | Bipolar technology for Li-ion |
9.8. | New pack designs |
10. | OVERVIEW OF LI-ION TECHNOLOGY OUTLOOK |
10.1. | Active material developments |
10.2. | Li-ion chemistry evolution |
10.3. | Multiple sources of improvements |
10.4. | Multiple sources of improvement |
10.5. | Energy density assessment |
10.6. | How high can energy density go? |
10.7. | Technology roadmap |
11. | BATTERY PRODUCTION AND MANUFACTURING |
11.1. | Cell production steps |
11.2. | Batteries for EVs - not just electrochemistry |
11.3. | The need for a dry room |
11.4. | Electrode slurry mixing |
11.5. | Cell production |
11.6. | Areas for improvement in cell production |
11.7. | Innovation in manufacturing |
11.8. | Maxwell acquisition |
11.9. | Dry electrode manufacturing process |
11.10. | Benefits of dry electrode manufacturing |
11.11. | Formation cycling |
11.12. | China dominating? |
11.13. | EV battery production in China |
11.14. | Europe set for growth |
11.15. | European gigafactories announced by 2018 |
11.16. | European gigafactories announced to date |
11.17. | Gigafactory investment in Europe |
11.18. | Power demand of LIB production |
11.19. | The cost of Li-ion production in Poland |
11.20. | Gigafactory building |
11.21. | How long to build a Gigafactory? |
11.22. | How much to build one GWh of capacity? |
11.23. | Main players |
11.24. | Potential for battery shortages? |
11.25. | Potential for battery shortages explained |
11.26. | Supply and demand overview |
12. | APPLICATIONS |
12.1. | Power range for electronic and electrical devices |
12.2. | Demand for Li-ion shifting |
12.3. | National EV policies |
12.4. | Electric Vehicles - passenger cars |
12.5. | Heavy duty vehicles |
12.6. | Consumer devices |
12.7. | Smartphones |
12.8. | Power tools and appliances |
12.9. | Stationary storage markets |
12.10. | Technologies for stationary |
12.11. | Stationary energy storage |
12.12. | Aircraft electrification |
13. | THE LI-ION LIFE-CYCLE |
13.1. | Battery second use connects the electric vehicle and battery recycling value chains |
13.2. | Battery second use or recycling? |
13.3. | Retired EV battery capacity in the next decade |
13.4. | Is there enough global resource? |
13.5. | Drivers for recycling Li-ion batteries |
13.6. | Overview of LIB recycling |
13.7. | Recycling pre-treatments and processing - mechanical |
13.8. | Recycling pre-treatments and processing - chemical and thermal |
13.9. | Pyrometallurgical recycling |
13.10. | Hydrometallurgical recycling |
13.11. | Recycling example via hydrometallurgy |
13.12. | Recycling methods map |
13.13. | Flow diagrams of commercial LIB recycling |
13.14. | Pyro- and hydro-metallurgy reviewed |
13.15. | Global involvement in LIB recycling |
13.16. | LIB recycling players |
14. | TECHNOLOGY BENCHMARKING |
14.1. | Li-ion cathode comparison |
14.2. | Li-ion anode comparison |
14.3. | Electrochemical storage comparisons |
14.4. | Li-ion technology challenges |
15. | LI-ION IN THE NEWS |
15.1. | Interesting academic publications |
15.2. | Samsung's Firegate |
15.3. | Fire and regulation |
15.4. | Li-ion in the news |
16. | COST ANALYSES AND FORECAST |
16.1. | The price of Li-ion cells |
16.2. | Battery price reduction |
16.3. | LIB price forecast methodology |
16.4. | Bottom-up cell cost analysis |
16.5. | Cost breakdown |
16.6. | Bottom-up cell cost scenario |
16.7. | Cumulative installed LIB forecast |
16.8. | LIB cell price forecast |
16.9. | Price forecast assumptions |
16.10. | Li-ion to be commoditised? |
16.11. | Raw material price volatility |
16.12. | Raw material price volatility - effect at cell level |
16.13. | Historic cobalt prices |
16.14. | High-nickel NMC cell cost estimate |
17. | FORECASTS AND OUTLOOKS |
17.1. | Demand vs supply |
17.2. | Forecast Li-ion battery demand, GWh |
17.3. | Forecast Li-ion cell market, $ billion |
17.4. | Electric vehicles - excluding BEVs |
17.5. | Forecasting consumer electronics |
17.6. | Forecasting power tools and appliances |
17.7. | Electronic device batteries, GWh |
17.8. | Electronic device batteries, million units |
17.9. | Electronic device batteries, $ billion |
17.10. | Smartphone demand |
17.11. | Cathode outlook - annotated |
17.12. | Li-ion market by cathode material |
17.13. | Li-ion demand by cathode, GWh |
17.14. | Li-ion demand by anode, GWh |
18. | MARKET PLAYERS |
18.1. | Cell |
18.2. | Cathode |
18.3. | Suppliers of active graphite material |
18.4. | Electrolyte |
18.5. | Separator |
Slides | 323 |
---|---|
Forecasts to | 2030 |