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AR & VR Smartglasses and Functional Contact Lenses 2016-2026
From augmented and virtual reality headsets to the advent of embedded electronic functionalities in lenses
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This new IDTechEx report is focused on how the market for smart glasses and contact lenses is going to evolve in the next decade, based on the exciting research and developments efforts of recent years along with the high visibility some projects and collaborations have enjoyed. The amount of visibility this space is experiencing is exciting developers of a range of allied technologies into fast-tracking/focusing their efforts, as well as creating devices and components designed specifically to serve this emerging industry.
Some of the newest devices that have ignited significant interest in smart eyewear are going above and beyond the conventional definition of a smart object; they are in effect, portable, wearable computers with a host of functionalities, specially designed apps etc. that add new ways for the wearer to interact with the world along with smartphone capabilities, health tracking options and many other features. The features of some of the more advanced devices have been based on and have sparked worldwide innovation efforts aiming to create an ecosystem of components that will enable what is bound to be a revolution in form factor for wearables.
User interface is probably one of the most significant features in this revolution. As interfacing with computers undergoes a constant evolution, allowing for wider adoption as interaction becomes more "natural", smartglasses are bringing about the next big step in this ever-changing space. From keyboards to touchscreens to cameras & positioning/location/infrared sensors, a new wave of innovation is making interfacing with computers gesture-based, and nowhere else is that more obvious than in eye-worn computing.
But it is not just wearable sensors and user interfaces, but also near-eye displays and optics as well as energy storage devices that represent some of the examples of technology tool kits that are evolving and improving in performance. They are hence constituting the pieces that are falling into place in order to enable new functionalities and form factors, both necessary to create products as innovative as near-eye and on-eye computers.
There are of course significant challenges that need to be addressed in order to achieve consumer acceptance and widespread proliferation of this paradigm-shifting type of device. Miniaturization of components, development of powering schemes that will allow sufficient usage time between recharge points, flexibility and stretchability of components that are meant to operate in diverse environments (from saline solutions to high and low temperatures) are only some of the segments where innovative research and development work is taking place.
The report includes insight into how different entities are addressing these challenges: developments, company and research activities in the space for smart glasses and lenses as well as company profiles of players actively involved in this space, concluding with market forecasts for both smart glasses and smart contact lenses for the next decade.
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| 1. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS |
| 1.1. | Smart contact lenses for glaucoma 2016-2026 |
| 1.1. | Wearable sensor, units sold. Forecast 2015-2025 |
| 1.2. | Two waves of sensors integrated in wearables. |
| 1.2. | Smart contact lenses for diabetes 2016-2026 |
| 1.3. | AR and VR 2016-2026 - units (million) |
| 1.3. | Smart eyewear technology: Near eye |
| 1.4. | Smart eyewear technology: On eye |
| 1.4. | AR and VR 2016-2026 - $ /unit |
| 1.5. | AR and VR 2016-2026 - revenue ($ million) |
| 1.5. | The four major challenges affecting proliferation of eye-worn computers |
| 1.6. | Smart contact lenses revenue (US$ million) 2016-2026 |
| 1.7. | AR and VR 2016-2026 - units (million) |
| 1.8. | AR and VR 2016-2026 - $ /unit |
| 1.9. | AR and VR 2016-2026 - revenue ($ million) |
| 2. | CONTACT LENSES |
| 2.1. | Contact lens materials |
| 2.1. | Lens replacement frequency in the USA, the biggest market for all contact lenses, in 2014 |
| 2.2. | Contact lenses and disposability |
| 2.3. | The market for contact lenses |
| 3. | SMART CONTACT LENSES |
| 3.1. | The Google-Novartis collaboration |
| 3.1. | Prototype lens developed by google and Novartis, incorporating a sensor and a chip and antenna used to receive power and transmit data |
| 3.2. | The prototype lens developed at KIST, featuring sensors, microfluidic channels and on-board power supply |
| 3.2. | Target Applications - startups & research activities |
| 3.2.1. | Medical |
| 3.2.2. | Infotainment |
| 3.3. | The Vibe device from DexCom and Animas, (a division of Johnson & Johnson) for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Dexcom CGM sensor technology is approved for up to seven days of continuous wear with one of the smallest introduce |
| 3.4. | Medella Health's first prototypes of what is to become a continuous glucose monitoring system is featured on the company's website |
| 3.5. | The soft contact lens-like sensor, with its MEMS antenna (golden rings), its MEMS sensor (ring close to the outer edge), and microprocessor |
| 3.6. | Sensor placed on the eye, centered on the cornea with no elements in the line of sight |
| 3.7. | An illustration that shows the various components of the Triggerfish® solution by Sensimed placed on the body. [1] Contact lens with sensor [2] adhesive antenna [3] cable [4] portable recorder |
| 3.8. | Microfluidic intraocular pressure (IOP) sensor |
| 3.9. | Similar simple smart lenses demonstrated at Auburn University in 2011 |
| 3.10. | A snapshot from Google's patent application for a micro camera component to compliment smart contact lenses |
| 3.11. | Schematic from the Google patent application on a multi-sensor contact lens |
| 4. | CHALLENGES WITH SMART LENSES |
| 4.1. | The blood glucose measurement challenge |
| 4.1. | Lens concept: University of Washington |
| 4.2. | On board powering schemes - Remote power |
| 4.2.1. | Primary or rechargeable cells? |
| 4.2.2. | Energy harvesting |
| 4.3. | Miniaturization |
| 4.4. | Transparent encapsulation of electronic components and manufacturing considerations |
| 4.5. | Cost structures |
| 4.6. | FDA approval |
| 5. | SMART GLASSES |
| 5.1. | Google Glass |
| 5.1. | A comparison table looking into features of smart eyewear devices |
| 5.1. | Google Glass |
| 5.1.1. | Google Glass Explorer features |
| 5.1.2. | Google Glass Enterprise |
| 5.1.3. | Luxottica partnership |
| 5.2. | Vuzix M100 |
| 5.2. | Quick comparison of 6 smartglasses |
| 5.2. | Infographic of how the Google Glass display works |
| 5.3. | The Vuzix M100 primary components |
| 5.3. | Epson Moverio BT-200 & BT-2000 |
| 5.4. | Recon Jet - Snow2 |
| 5.4. | Mounting options for the M100 |
| 5.5. | The Epson Moverio BT- 200 smartglasses. |
| 5.5. | Kopin Solos |
| 5.6. | Optinvent ORA 1 - ORA X |
| 5.6. | The Epson Moverio Pro BT-200 |
| 5.7. | Recon Jet main components |
| 5.7. | Meta 1 - Meta Pro |
| 5.8. | ODG R-7 |
| 5.8. | Recon Jet display |
| 5.9. | The ORA 1 main features |
| 5.9. | Microsoft Hololens |
| 5.10. | Sony SmartEyeGlass |
| 5.10. | The two configurations for ORA-1's display, in "AR" and "glance" modes. |
| 5.11. | The ORA - X announced by Optinvent, a hybrid between smartglasses and smart headphones |
| 5.11. | Magic Leap |
| 5.12. | GiveVision |
| 5.12. | Meta 1 and Meta Pro |
| 5.13. | ODG R-7 features |
| 5.13. | Others |
| 5.14. | What are "enterprise" applications all about? |
| 5.14. | The Microsoft Hololens |
| 5.15. | Promotional images for the Hololens, indicating the potential of the device |
| 5.16. | With Skype video chatting, HoloLens users can let others see through their eyes to help with tasks and even doodle right on top of your line of vision |
| 5.17. | The SONY SmartEyeGlass |
| 5.18. | Schematic of the main components necessary for the GiveVision software |
| 5.19. | Quick comparison of 6 smartglasses |
| 6. | AR VS. VR |
| 6.1. | Oculus Rift |
| 6.1. | The Google Cardboard |
| 6.2. | The Oculus Rift latest iteration, as expected to look when it hits the market in 2016 |
| 6.2. | Sony PlayStation VR |
| 6.3. | Samsung |
| 6.3. | Project Morpheus prototype |
| 6.4. | The Samsung Gear VR- Innovator edition, powered by Oculus, which was available for sale for developers and early adopters for $200 throughout most of 2015. |
| 6.4. | Zeiss - Avegant |
| 6.5. | Merge VR - HTC VR |
| 6.5. | The Samsung Gear VR, available for sale at $100. Details of the padding (for comfort when worn) and the user interface (touchpad) |
| 6.6. | The Zeiss VCR One available for $120 |
| 6.7. | The Avegant Glyph headset available for pre-order at $499 |
| 6.8. | The MergeVR headset |
| 6.9. | The HTC Vive. |
| 7. | MICRODISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES |
| 7.1. | LCoS microdisplay |
| 7.1. | Basic structure of an LCoS microdisplay |
| 7.1.1. | LCoS microdisplay structure |
| 7.1.2. | Optical principles of LCoS microdisplays |
| 7.1.3. | Generating color in a single panel configuration - Time Domain Imaging (TDI™) - ForthDD |
| 7.1.4. | Generating color in a single panel configuration - Color filters |
| 7.1.5. | Generating color in a single panel configuration - Field sequential color (FSC) |
| 7.1.6. | Generating color in three panel configuration |
| 7.2. | Optical principle of an LCoS microdisplay |
| 7.2. | Transmissive LCD microdisplay |
| 7.3. | OLED on silicon microdisplays |
| 7.3. | Generating colour with a FLCoS microdisplay |
| 7.4. | The 8-bit red subfield and the complete 24-bit full color TDI rendered frame |
| 7.4. | LED microdisplays |
| 7.5. | Color filter LCoS and diagram of image generation in a front-lit LCoS (FL LCoS) microdisplay: in this case, the light source, light guide are integrated into the LCoS microdisplay |
| 7.6. | Schematic representation of a 3-panel LCoS configuration |
| 7.7. | Structure of an OLED on silicon microdisplay |
| 7.8. | Schematic of light emission and the generation of a collimated beam in a sapphire LED wafer. |
| 8. | MICRODISPLAY TECHNOLOGY PROVIDERS |
| 8.1. | Commercially available microdisplays (Non - exhaustive list) |
| 8.1. | Prototype incorporating eMagin's 4MPixel square OLED on silicon microdisplays displays, demonstrated in June 2015 at AWE15 |
| 8.1. | OLED microdisplays |
| 8.1.1. | eMagin |
| 8.1.2. | SONY |
| 8.1.3. | MICROOLED |
| 8.1.4. | Dresden Microdisplay (DMD) |
| 8.1.5. | Yunnan OLiGHTECK |
| 8.2. | Technology comparison between LCoS, µ-LED and µ-OLED devices |
| 8.2. | LCoS microdisplays |
| 8.2. | SONY 0.61in OLED microdisplay 0 with a 1280×1024 resolution |
| 8.2.1. | Himax Display |
| 8.2.2. | HOLOEYE |
| 8.2.3. | Syndiant |
| 8.2.4. | ForthDD |
| 8.3. | OLED microdisplay from MICROOLED |
| 8.3. | Transmissive LCD Microdisplays |
| 8.3.1. | Epson Corporation |
| 8.3.2. | Kopin |
| 8.4. | microLED microdisplays |
| 8.4. | Color filter, front-lit microdisplay from Himax Display |
| 8.4.1. | mLED |
| 8.4.2. | infiniLED |
| 8.4.3. | Lumiode |
| 8.4.4. | Luxvue |
| 8.4.5. | Ostendo |
| 8.5. | A HOLOEYE 0.55in diagonal WXGA (1280 x 768Pixel) CFS LCOS Microdisplay |
| 8.5. | Some examples of microdisplay products |
| 8.6. | Comparison of microdisplay technologies |
| 8.6. | Cumulative shipments of Epson's HTPS panels 1992-2014 |
| 8.7. | Kopin demonstrated a prototype of its Solos smartglasses at CES 2016, with a built-in 4-mm module Pupil, hidden behind the rim and practically invisible from the outside. |
| 8.8. | mLED LED microdisplay |
| 8.9. | Lumiode microdisplays |
| 8.10. | Each pixel of the quantum-photonic-imager device consists of a vertical stack of multiple LED layers |
| 8.11. | MicroLED array with a 10μm pitch |
| 8.12. | Microdisplay technologies: spider diagram of comparison of key metrics |
| 8.13. | Microdisplay technologies: table of comparison of key metrics |
| 9. | OPTICS ARCHITECTURES FOR HEAD MOUNTED DISPLAYS |
| 9.1. | a. Non-pupil forming (or magnifier lens) optical design. b. Pupil forming (or relay lens) optical design |
| 9.2. | Cube and half-silvered mirror designs for beam splitters, incident light arrives at a 45⁰ angle and part of it is transmitted while part of it is reflected |
| 9.2. | Freespace Optics see-through architectures |
| 9.2. | Comparative table of see-through optics design approaches. |
| 9.2.1. | Flat combiner architectures |
| 9.2.2. | Curved combiner architectures |
| 9.2.3. | Freeform, total internal reflection (TIR) combiners |
| 9.3. | Waveguide/lightguide see-through architectures |
| 9.3. | Schematic of Laster's EnhancedView™ technology |
| 9.3.1. | Diffractive waveguide |
| 9.3.2. | Holographic waveguide |
| 9.3.3. | Polarized waveguide |
| 9.3.4. | Reflective waveguide |
| 9.3.5. | "Clear-Vu" reflective waveguide |
| 9.3.6. | Switchable waveguide |
| 9.4. | Other approaches to see-through displays |
| 9.4. | Schematic of a freeform TIR combiner structure. The corrector allows for the system's see-through functionality. |
| 9.4.1. | Innovega |
| 9.4.2. | Olympus |
| 9.4.3. | Others |
| 9.5. | Occlusion architectures |
| 9.5. | Schematic representation of the diffractive wavequide technique invented by Nokia and licensed to Vuzix (left) and an early Nokia prototype based on this principle (right). |
| 9.5.1. | Immersion display magnifier architectures |
| 9.5.2. | Micro-mirror arrays |
| 9.6. | Comparison of optics approaches for head mounted displays |
| 9.6. | SONY's holographic waveguide architecture |
| 9.7. | Konica Minolta's holographic waveguide architecture |
| 9.7. | Suppliers of optical engines |
| 9.7.1. | Digilens - SBG Labs |
| 9.7.2. | eMagin |
| 9.7.3. | Himax Displays |
| 9.7.4. | HOLOEYE |
| 9.7.5. | Kopin |
| 9.7.6. | Lumus |
| 9.7.7. | Laster |
| 9.8. | Optinvent's patented monolithic waveguide and a Clear-Vu prototype |
| 9.9. | Innovega contact lenses and basic schematic of the operating principle of the system |
| 9.10. | WF05 prism optic from eMagin. |
| 9.11. | The Lumus OE-40 display module |
| 10. | METRICS AND REQUIREMENTS IN AR AND VR DISPLAYS |
| 10.1. | Field of view (FOV) and resolution |
| 10.1. | Metrics for AR and VR headsets |
| 10.1. | FOVs for some devices, occlusion (VR) or see-through (AR) |
| 10.2. | Angular resolutions vs. FOV. b. Reaching the human eye's resolution limit: pixel requirements for different FOVs and current status. |
| 10.2. | Latency |
| 10.3. | Parallax |
| 10.3. | The Soli chip |
| 10.4. | The FOVE VR headset uses infrared sensors to track eye as well as head movement |
| 10.4. | Distortions & aberrations |
| 10.5. | Summary of optics and display requirements for AR and VR |
| 10.6. | User interface. Voice & Gesture recognition |
| 11. | POWER SUPPLY |
| 11.1. | Batteries for Smart Glasses and Lenses |
| 11.1. | Global market for all small batteries for use in small devices $ billion |
| 11.1. | Schematic of smart and portable electronic devices within the energy storage classification |
| 11.1.1. | Energy storage technologies in consumer electronics |
| 11.2. | Shapes of battery: advantages and disadvantages |
| 11.2. | Battery market size |
| 11.2. | Energy Storage for Smart and Portable Electronic Devices within the Energy Storage Space |
| 11.3. | Global market for all small batteries for use in small devices $ billion |
| 11.3. | The emergence of wearables |
| 11.3. | Summary of the EnFilm™ rechargeable thin film lithium battery |
| 11.4. | LG Chem's offerings to the wearable market |
| 11.4. | Changes towards wearable devices |
| 11.5. | Flexible cable-type lithium ion battery |
| 11.5. | Apple's approach to wearable technology |
| 11.6. | Samsung SDI — never falling behind |
| 11.6. | LG Chem's stepped battery |
| 11.7. | Curved battery developed by LG Chem |
| 11.7. | Nokia's contribution |
| 11.8. | Limited production—STMicroelectronics |
| 11.8. | Terraced batteries used for new MacBook |
| 11.9. | Apple's patent of flexible battery pack |
| 11.9. | Showa Denko Packaging / Semiconductor Energy Laboratory |
| 11.10. | Kokam and RouteJade, Korea |
| 11.10. | Curved batteries developed by Samsung SDI |
| 11.11. | Samsung SDI showed their new flexible, rollable battery at InterBattery 2014 |
| 11.11. | Initial conclusions on energy storage for smart eyewear. |
| 11.12. | Nokia's rollable battery |
| 11.13. | EnFilm: Rechargeable thin film lithium battery |
| 11.14. | Structure of ultra-thin lithium-ion battery developed by Showa Denko Packaging |
| 11.15. | Different shapes of the ultra-thin lithium-ion battery. |
| 11.16. | Flexible battery developed by Semiconductor Energy Laboratory |
| 11.17. | Battery samples from Kokam and RouteJade |
| 11.18. | The Google Glass battery. |
| 11.19. | Effect of cell thickness on energy density |
| 11.20. | Printed zinc polymer rechargeable chemistry battery from Imprint Energy |
| 12. | INTERVIEWS |
| 12.1. | Atheer Labs |
| 12.2. | Avegant |
| 12.3. | FlexEl, LLC |
| 12.4. | Imprint Energy, Inc |
| 12.5. | Jenax |
| 12.6. | Kopin Corporation |
| 12.7. | MicroOLED |
| 12.8. | Oculus |
| 12.9. | Optinvent |
| 12.10. | Ricoh |
| 12.11. | Royole Corporation |
| 12.12. | Seiko Epson Corporation |
| 12.13. | Vuzix |
| 13. | FORECASTS |
| 13.1. | Smart contact lenses |
| 13.1. | Smart contact lenses for glaucoma 2016-2026 |
| 13.1. | Smart contact lenses revenue number (thousand) 2016-2026 |
| 13.2. | Smart contact lenses unit price (US$) 2016-2026 |
| 13.2. | Smart contact lenses for diabetes 2016-2026 |
| 13.2. | Smartglasses |
| 13.3. | AR and VR 2016-2026 - units (million) |
| 13.3. | Smart contact lenses revenue (US$ million) 2016-2026 |
| 13.4. | AR and VR 2016-2026 - units (million) |
| 13.4. | AR and VR 2016-2026 - $ /unit |
| 13.5. | AR and VR 2016-2026 - revenue ($ million) |
| 13.5. | AR and VR 2016-2026 - $ /unit |
| 13.6. | AR and VR 2016-2026 - revenue ($ million) |
| IDTECHEX RESEARCH REPORTS AND CONSULTANCY | |
| TABLES | |
| FIGURES |
This market will be worth over $26 billion by 2026
报告统计信息
| Pages | 186 |
|---|---|
| Tables | 19 |
| Figures | 112 |
| 预测 | 2026 |
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