Energy Storage

Hitachi Zosen, now rebranded as Kanadevia, a Japanese industrial manufacturer, has been actively developing solid-state lithium-ion batteries for over a decade. Hitachi Zosen began its research into solid-state batteries in 2006, focusing on leveraging its expertise in powder compression technologies. Initially, the company developed a low-cost method to create pellet-type cells.

CATL works on solid-state batteries and it is based on a sulphide system.

Fraunhofer's work on solid-state batteries spans multiple institutes.

Excellatron Solid State, LLC, a US-based technology company, introduced innovative and enabling energy storage technology. The batteries made possible by this proprietary technology can be used in many applications and processes where other batteries would be inadequate. Later, Excellatron focused on lithium air batteries and the work on solid-state batteries was carried on by Johnson Battery Technologies.

FDK has a long history in battery innovation, starting with the production of carbon-zinc batteries in 1950. Over the years, it has expanded its expertise to include advanced battery technologies such as nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) and lithium-ion batteries. The company began focusing on solid-state batteries as a next-generation energy storage solution to address safety, energy density, and durability challenges inherent in conventional lithium-ion batteries.

CEA-Leti, a division of CEA Tech, has developed thin-film solid-state batteries using lithium phosphorus oxynitride (LiPON) as the electrolyte. This technology is part of its TINY platform, which focuses on integrated microbatteries for IoT and medical applications.

Fisker, a Californian electric vehicle (EV) company, is working on commercialising a solid-state battery-powered version of its luxury car. The founder Henrik Fisker is extremely vocal about solid-state batteries, sharing a picture on LinkedIn where it can be inferred that LLZO is used as electrolyte; given the yellowish disks seen in the picture are semi-transparent, it could be that Fisker is using a composite electrolyte, where LLZO provides the bulk conductivity, and a polymer matrix smooths out any issues related to grain boundaries.

Ilika plc, a UK-based company specializing in solid-state battery technology, has evolved significantly since its inception in 2004. Founded as a spin-out from the University of Southampton, Ilika initially focused on combinatorial materials development, leveraging high-throughput techniques to rapidly discover and optimize new materials. This approach gained attention from major corporations, including Toyota, which partnered with Ilika in 2008 to develop safer and more efficient battery materials for electric vehicles (EVs).

In the 1990s, Hydro-Québec (Canada) and 3M (United States) collaborated on cells based on lithium metal foil as the anode, PEO LiClO4/LiN(CF3SO2)2 as the electrolyte, and vanadium oxide (VOx) as the cathode, aiming at the transport sector (EVs); these cell modules displayed 155 KWh/kg specific energy with a cycle life of 600 cycles at 80% depth of discharge (DoD).

Ganfeng Lithium Co., Ltd., established in 2000 and headquartered in Xinyu, Jiangxi, China, is the largest lithium salt producer in China and the third largest worldwide. The company operates across the lithium battery supply chain, including lithium resource development, refining, battery manufacturing, and recycling. Ganfeng is dual-listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (002460) and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (1772).

Factorial Energy Inc., headquartered in Massachusetts, is a pioneering company in the development of advanced solid-state battery (SSB) technology based on their proprietary technology, FEST® (Factorial Electrolyte System Technology).

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Hongfeng Carbon is a Chinese bipolar plate manufacturer, specialising in graphite plates

Jiangsu Yiangteng is a Chinese manufacturer of metal bipolar plates (BPPs) and gas diffusion layers (GDLs).

Flow-nano is a startup based in Italy which designs and produces nanostructured electrodes for electrochemical applications; in particular, redox flow batteries (RFBs).

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Rongke Power is a redox flow battery (RFB) developer based in China and was founded in 2008. IDTechEx caught up with the company at the International Flow Battery Forum 2025 in Austria.