1. | EXECUTIVE INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY |
1.1. | What are haptics? |
1.2. | How the sense of touch works |
1.3. | Types of haptics: Features |
1.4. | Types of haptics: Technology |
1.5. | Types of haptics: Applications and markets |
1.6. | Types of haptics: Examples |
1.7. | Haptics revenue by type of haptics, historic (2010-2020) |
1.8. | The potential value-adds from haptic feedback |
1.9. | Potential vs actual use of haptics |
1.10. | Haptics over the last decade |
1.11. | The old status quo: ERMs dominate |
1.12. | ERM motors were a difficult incumbent to replace |
1.13. | LRAs gaining market share since 2015 |
1.14. | Displacing the incumbent technologies |
1.15. | New markets provide the greatest opportunities |
1.16. | Emerging haptics find their niches |
1.17. | The next challenge for haptics |
2. | HAPTICS TECHNOLOGIES |
2.1. | Structure of this report |
2.2. | Core vs peripheral haptics |
2.3. | Technology Readiness and Adoption |
3. | ELECTROMAGNETIC HAPTIC ACTUATORS: ERMS, LRAS, VCMS AND EMERGING OPTIONS |
3.1.1. | Introduction: Electromagnetic actuators |
3.2. | Eccentric Rotating Mass Motors (ERM motors or ERMs) |
3.2.1. | Introduction: ERM motors |
3.2.2. | ERM Drivers |
3.2.3. | Varying response from an ERM motor |
3.2.4. | SWOT Analysis - ERM Motors |
3.3. | Linear resonant actuators (LRAs) |
3.3.1. | LRA Structure |
3.3.2. | Apple's Taptic Engine |
3.3.3. | LRA properties and performance |
3.3.4. | LRA Drivers |
3.3.5. | Varying responses in a LRA |
3.3.6. | SWOT: Linear Resonant Actuators (LRAs) |
3.4. | Voice coil motors (VCMs) and custom electromagnetic actuators |
3.4.1. | Voice coil motor structure |
3.4.2. | Nidec Sankyo: VCMs for haptics |
3.4.3. | Actronika |
3.4.4. | Nanoport R&D: Tachammer |
3.4.5. | Miraisens |
3.4.6. | SWOT: Voice coil motors (VCMs) |
3.5. | Performance enhancement with multiple actuators |
3.5.1. | General Vibration: "SAVANT" |
3.5.2. | SAVANT with ERM motors - the Gemini Drive |
3.6. | Electromagnetic haptics: Actuator and driver suppliers |
3.6.1. | Electromagnetic haptic actuator suppliers: Summary |
3.6.2. | Profiles of key industry players |
3.6.3. | Trends and themes in the actuator market |
3.6.4. | Differentiation between actuator suppliers |
3.6.5. | Five Forces (Porter) analysis for electromagnetic actuator suppliers |
3.6.6. | Electromagnetic haptic driver suppliers: Summary |
3.6.7. | Themes and trends in the haptics driver market |
4. | PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS |
4.1.1. | Background and Definitions |
4.1.2. | Piezoelectric Actuator Materials |
4.1.3. | Piezoelectric composites are also an option |
4.1.4. | Value chain for piezoelectric actuators |
4.1.5. | Device Integration |
4.1.6. | Challenges with integration: Durability |
4.1.7. | Driver innovation |
4.1.8. | Use cases for piezoelectric haptics |
4.1.9. | Coupled sensor-actuator systems with piezoelectrics |
4.1.10. | Use in surface haptics |
4.1.11. | SWOT: Piezoelectric Ceramics |
4.2. | Company examples |
4.2.1. | Aito |
4.2.2. | Boréas Technologies |
4.2.3. | Texas Instruments |
4.2.4. | TDK |
4.2.5. | hap2U |
4.2.6. | Other players |
5. | ELECTROACTIVE POLYMERS (EAPS) |
5.1.1. | Types of electroactive polymer (EAP) |
5.1.2. | Types of electroactive polymer (continued) |
5.1.3. | Comparing physical properties of EAPs |
5.2. | Piezoelectric Polymers |
5.2.1. | Background and Definitions: Piezoelectric constants |
5.2.2. | Why use a polymer? - Materials Choices |
5.2.3. | PVDF-based polymer options for haptic actuators |
5.2.4. | Novasentis / Kemet |
5.2.5. | Example demonstrator with polymeric haptics |
5.2.6. | SWOT: Piezoelectric polymers |
5.3. | Dielectric elastomers (DEAs) |
5.3.1. | Comparing DEAs with Ceramics and SMAs |
5.3.2. | Dielectric elastomers as haptic actuators |
5.3.3. | Artificial Muscle |
5.3.4. | Toyoda Gosei |
5.3.5. | Leap Technology & ElastiSense |
5.3.6. | CT Systems |
5.3.7. | SWOT: Dielectric elastomers |
5.4. | Conclusions: Soft actuators |
5.4.1. | Technology benchmarking: Soft actuators |
6. | SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS (SMAS) |
6.1. | Introduction to shape memory alloys |
6.2. | Deploying SMA as conventional haptic actuators |
6.3. | SMA haptics: some metrics |
6.4. | SWOT: SMAs |
7. | SURFACE HAPTICS, DISPLAY HAPTICS & VARIABLE FRICTION |
7.1.1. | Surface haptics & display haptics: Introduction |
7.1.2. | Introduction: Surface haptics |
7.1.3. | Revenue from surface haptics |
7.2. | Surface haptics with traditional actuator technologies |
7.2.1. | Bending wave haptic feedback |
7.2.2. | Redux ST acquired by Alphabet |
7.2.3. | Nidec Copal - surface haptics |
7.2.4. | SWOT: Surface haptics with traditional actuators |
7.3. | Electrostatic Friction (ESF) |
7.3.1. | Tanvas |
7.3.2. | O-Film's acquisition of Senseg |
7.3.3. | SWOT: Electrostatic Friction |
7.4. | Ultrasonic Vibration (USV) |
7.4.1. | Ultrasonic Vibration (USV) |
7.4.2. | hap2U |
7.4.3. | Taiyo Yuden |
7.4.4. | SWOT: Ultrasonic vibration |
7.5. | Other types of surface haptics |
7.6. | Tactile sheer feedback |
7.6.1. | Tactile Shear Feedback |
7.6.2. | Tactical Haptics: custom VR controllers |
7.6.3. | Shear forces for variable friction displays |
7.6.4. | Example from TDK |
7.7. | Microfluidic haptics |
7.7.1. | Tactus Technology |
7.7.2. | Microfluidics: Tactus Technology |
7.7.3. | Other microfluidic haptics: HaptX |
7.8. | Surface haptics: Conclusions |
7.8.1. | Technology benchmarking: Surface haptics |
7.8.2. | Conclusions: Surface haptics |
8. | KEY TREND: BUTTON HAPTICS |
8.1. | Haptics for button replacement |
8.2. | Button haptics: Examples |
8.3. | Button haptics in smartphones? |
8.4. | Market forecast: Button haptics |
9. | CONTACTLESS HAPTICS |
9.1. | Background: Contactless haptics |
9.2. | Ultrasonic haptics |
9.3. | UltraLeap |
9.4. | Metasonics |
9.5. | Hanyang University |
9.6. | Air Vortex |
9.7. | Technology comparison for contactless haptics |
9.8. | The commercial reality |
9.9. | Contactless haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
9.10. | Contactless haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
10. | KINAESTHETIC HAPTICS |
10.1.1. | Medical |
10.1.2. | Gaming controllers |
10.1.3. | Data and forecast for kinaesthetic haptics |
10.2. | Related topic: Power-assist exoskeletons and apparel |
10.2.1. | Power assist exoskeletons |
10.2.2. | The relationship between assistive devices and kinaesthetic haptics |
10.3. | Roots in medical rehabilitation |
10.3.1. | Example: Ekso Bionics |
10.3.2. | Samsung & SAIT |
10.3.3. | Rehabotics Medical Technology |
10.3.4. | Sense Glove |
10.3.5. | BrainCo creates affordable smart prosthetics |
10.3.6. | Rapael smart glove for home rehab |
10.4. | Towards other application areas |
10.4.1. | Power assist suits from UPR |
10.4.2. | Seoul National University |
10.4.3. | Sense Glove |
10.4.4. | Power assist apparel - Seismic |
10.4.5. | AIM and Racer |
10.4.6. | Teslasuit |
10.4.7. | Geographical and market trends |
11. | OTHER TYPES OF HAPTICS |
11.1.1. | TEGway - Thermal haptics |
11.2. | Multi-haptics example for high end haptic feedback |
11.2.1. | HaptX - High end haptics rig |
12. | TECHNOLOGY LICENSING IN HAPTICS |
12.1. | Introduction: Technology licensing |
12.2. | Introduction: Technology licensing in haptics |
12.3. | Immersion Corporation |
12.4. | Key patent portfolio |
12.5. | Litigation underpins revenue |
12.6. | Major settlements |
12.7. | License revenues over time |
12.8. | Revenue by industry sector over time |
12.9. | Outlook and conclusions |
12.10. | Licensing revenue relative to total revenue |
12.11. | General conclusions and outlook: Haptics licensing |
13. | MARKETS AND FORECASTS: INTRODUCTION |
13.1.1. | Forecast details and assumptions |
13.1.2. | Device sales drive haptics sales (historic data & forecast) |
13.1.3. | More devices are adding haptics (historic data & forecast) |
13.1.4. | Haptics spend per device is increasing (historic data & forecast) |
13.1.5. | Haptics revenue over time (historic data & forecast) |
13.2. | Haptics forecasts as a derivative of device forecasts |
13.2.1. | Sales volumes of devices that contain haptics, historic (2010-2019) |
13.2.2. | Sales volumes of devices that contain haptics, forecast (2020-2030) |
13.3. | Haptics market data by system type |
13.3.1. | Haptics revenue by type of haptics, historic (2010-2020) |
13.3.2. | Haptics revenue by type of haptics, forecast (2020-2030) |
13.3.3. | Haptics revenue by device type, historic (2010-2019) |
13.3.4. | Haptics revenue by device type, forecast (2020-2030) |
13.4. | Haptics market data by technology |
13.4.1. | Haptics revenue by actuator technology, historic (2010-2019) |
13.4.2. | Haptics revenue by actuator technology, forecast (2020-2030) |
14. | SMARTPHONES |
14.1.1. | Introduction: Haptics in smartphones |
14.1.2. | Smartphone haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
14.1.3. | Smartphone haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
15. | GAMING (CONSOLE & HANDHELD) |
15.1. | Introduction: Haptics in console gaming |
15.2. | PS3 (DualShock 3) - Summary |
15.3. | PS4 (DualShock 4) - Summary |
15.4. | PS5 (DualSense) - Summary |
15.5. | Xbox 360 - Summary |
15.6. | Xbox One - Summary |
15.7. | Xbox Series X - Summary |
15.8. | Gaming (controllers) haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
15.9. | Gaming (controllers) haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
15.10. | Introduction: Haptics in handheld gaming |
15.11. | Nintendo Switch - summary |
15.12. | Handheld gaming haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
15.13. | Handheld gaming haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
16. | CASE STUDY: HAPTICS IN VR |
16.1. | Stimulating the senses: Sight, sound, touch and beyond |
16.2. | Haptics in mainstream VR today |
16.3. | PlayStation Move (PSVR controller) |
16.4. | Oculus Touch (Oculus Rift controller) |
16.5. | HTC Vive controller |
16.6. | Categories for the technology today |
16.7. | Haptics in controllers: inertial and surface actuation |
16.8. | Example: Surface actuation on a controller |
16.9. | Motion simulators and vehicles: established platforms |
16.10. | Motion simulators are still used to show off VR |
16.11. | Examples: personal VR motion simulators and vehicles |
16.12. | Examples: personal VR motion simulators and vehicles |
16.13. | Wearable haptic interfaces |
16.14. | Wearable haptic interfaces - rings |
16.15. | Commercial examples: GoTouchVR |
16.16. | Wearable haptic interfaces - gloves |
16.17. | Examples: Virtuix, NeuroDigital Technologies |
16.18. | Wearable haptic interfaces - shoes |
16.19. | Commercial examples: Nidec, CEREVO, and others |
16.20. | Wearable haptic interfaces - harnesses and apparel |
16.21. | Wearable haptic interfaces - exoskeletons |
16.22. | Commercial examples: Dexta Robotics |
16.23. | Kinaesthetic haptics |
16.24. | Kinaesthetic devices: types and process flow |
16.25. | Exoskeletons |
16.26. | Manipulandums |
16.27. | FundamentalVR - haptics for training surgeons in VR |
16.28. | Robotics: Hacking existing platforms to build kinaesthetic haptics |
16.29. | The case for contactless haptics in VR |
16.30. | VR haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
16.31. | VR haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
17. | HAPTICS IN WEARABLES |
17.1. | Consumer Electronics: Wearables |
17.2. | Wearables haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
17.3. | Wearables haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
18. | HAPTICS IN OTHER CONSUMER ELECTRONICS |
18.1. | Consumer Electronics: Tablets |
18.2. | Consumer Electronics: Laptops |
19. | CASE STUDY: HAPTICS IN AUTOMOTIVE |
19.1. | Automotive |
19.2. | Example: Nidec targeting the automotive sector |
19.3. | Contactless haptics for automotive: Bosch and Ultrahaptics |
19.4. | Automotive haptics revenue, historic (2010-2019) |
19.5. | Automotive haptics revenue, forecast (2020-2030) |
20. | OTHER HAPTICS |
20.1. | Home appliance, commercial and other uses |
21. | MARKET FORECAST DATA |
21.1.1. | Haptics revenue by device type Historic (2010-2020) & forecast (2021-2031) |
21.1.2. | Smartphone haptics revenue Historic (2010-2020) & forecast (2021-2031) |
21.1.3. | Gaming (controllers) haptics revenue Historic (2010-2020) & forecast (2021-2031) |
21.1.4. | VR haptics revenue Historic (2010-2020) & forecast (2021-2031) |
21.1.5. | Handheld gaming haptics revenue Historic (2010-2020) & forecast (2021-2031) |
21.1.6. | Wearables haptics revenue Historic (2010-2020) & forecast (2021-2031) |
21.1.7. | Automotive haptics revenue Historic (2010-2020) & forecast (2021-2031) |
21.2. | Haptics market data by technology |
21.2.1. | Haptics revenue by type of haptics Historic (2010-2020) & forecast (2021-2031) |
21.2.2. | Haptics revenue by actuator technology Historic (2010-2020) & forecast (2021-2031) |
21.2.3. | Display haptics revenue Historic (2010-2020) & forecast (2021-2031) |
21.2.4. | Button haptics revenue Historic (2010-2020) & forecast (2021-2031) |
21.2.5. | Kinaesthetic haptics revenue Historic (2010-2020) & forecast (2021-2031) |
22. | HAPTICS VALUE CHAIN AND COMPANY DATABASE |
22.1. | Value chain summary |
22.2. | Appendixes: Lists of haptics companies and products |
23. | HAPTICS AT CES 2018 |
23.1. | AIM and Racer |
23.2. | AIM (Handout) |
23.3. | Cerevo |
23.4. | GoTouch VR |
23.5. | List - CEA Tech |
23.6. | Metasonics |
23.7. | Nanomagnetics & Nanoport |
23.8. | Nanoport - Tachammer |
23.9. | Nidec (Copal & Sankyo) |
23.10. | Nidec Copal - surface haptics |
23.11. | Nidec Sankyo - VCM haptics |
23.12. | Rehabotics Medical Technology |
23.13. | Sense Glove |
23.14. | Tactical Haptics |
23.15. | Teslasuit |
23.16. | Ultrahaptics |
23.17. | Ultrahaptics + Meta + Zerolight |
23.18. | BrainCo creates affordable smart prosthetics |
23.19. | Rapael smart glove for home rehab |
24. | HAPTICS AT CES 2019 |
24.1. | TDK |
24.2. | Boréas Technologies |
24.3. | Immersion |
24.4. | Nidec (booth) |
24.5. | Teslasuit |
24.6. | Other haptics at CES |
25. | HAPTICS AT CES 2020 |
25.1. | Taiyo Yuden |
25.2. | Tanvas |
25.3. | Boréas Technologies |
25.4. | Sensel |
25.5. | Toyoda Gosei |
25.6. | Teslasuit |
25.7. | HaptX |
25.8. | Sense Glove |
25.9. | Aito |
25.10. | hap2U |
25.11. | TEGway |
25.12. | Neosensory |
25.13. | Apollo Neuroscience |
25.14. | Samsung |
25.15. | Seoul National University |
26. | COMPANY PROFILES |
26.1. | Company Profiles |
26.2. | AAC Technologies |
26.3. | Actronika |
26.4. | AIM - Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics |
26.5. | 51 more - for the full list, please contact research@IDTechEx.com |
26.6. | Ultraleap |