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1. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY |
1.1. | Definition, attitudes, overall trend |
1.2. | Types of EIV and related vehicles |
1.2.1. | EIV operational choices |
1.3. | Key EIV technologies |
1.4. | Examples of EIV technologies past, present and concept - on land |
1.5. | Technologies of EIVs past, present and concept - on and under water |
1.6. | Technologies of EIVs past, present and concept - in the air |
1.7. | Executive summary and conclusions: EIV Technology roadmap 2017-2037 |
1.8. | Market forecast 2017 and 2028 |
2. | INTRODUCTION |
2.1. | Energy Independent Vehicles: energy, definition and function |
2.2. | Definition and primary features |
2.3. | What is energy harvesting? |
2.4. | Characteristics of the High Power Energy Harvesting essential to EIVs |
2.4.1. | Power density provided by different forms of HPEH |
2.5. | Good features and challenges of the four most important EH technologies in order of importance |
2.6. | High power energy harvesting: examples with intermittency and suppliers |
2.7. | Efficiency achieved and theoretical potential for improving efficiency of energy harvesting in and on EIVs |
2.8. | Energy harvesting technologies with examples of good features in blue |
2.8.1. | More EH in a vehicle |
2.9. | Intermittent power generated |
2.10. | Comparison of pn junction and photoelectrochemical photovoltaics |
2.11. | Priorities for high power EH in EIVs, for primary traction power, with examples |
2.12. | Main PV options beyond silicon |
2.13. | Chasing affordable, ultra-lightweight conformal PV for EIVs |
2.13.1. | Best Research Cell Efficiencies |
2.14. | Thin, lightweight Fresnel lens concentrator |
2.15. | PV cost and efficiency trends |
2.16. | Lizard EIVs |
2.17. | Toyota view in 2017 with image of the new Prius Prime solar roof |
3. | NEW FORMATS ARE VERY IMPORTANT FOR EIVS |
3.1. | New formats are very important for EIVs |
3.2. | Colloidal Quantum Dot spray on solar? |
3.3. | But mostly still silicon today |
3.4. | Harvesting technologies now and in future for air vehicles |
3.5. | Overlap between mechanically and electrically energy independent vehicles |
3.5.1. | Examples of e-fiber projects aimed at use in vehicles |
3.5.2. | European Powerweave project: airships & sails |
3.6. | Hybrid piezo photovoltaic material |
3.7. | Triboelectricity is being developed for car tires in 2015 |
3.8. | EIVs - more than adding something to a vehicle |
3.9. | EH system |
3.10. | Qualcomm vision - next enabling and transitional technologies |
3.11. | Autonomous operation + EIV: a synergistic ecosystem |
3.12. | Dynamic wireless charging - stepping stone to EIV |
3.12.1. | Korea - dynamic charging from road |
3.13. | Dynamic charging will use very low cost electricity |
3.14. | Reinventing wind turbines for use on boats, ships, aircraft, land vehicles wind turbines for use on boats, ships, aircraft, land vehicles |
3.14.1. | Energy positive large buses will come |
4. | ENERGY HARVESTING AS SYSTEMS IN EIVS |
4.1. | EH system |
4.2. | Internal vehicle efficiency improvement by EH - progress towards EIVs |
5. | EXTREME POWERTRAIN EFFICIENCY |
6. | EXTREME LIGHTWEIGHTING |
6.1. | Overview |
6.2. | Lightweighting materials |
6.2.1. | De-icing heater as part of an aircraft wing |
6.2.2. | Use of aluminium and plastics to have microcar weight |
6.3. | Load-bearing and smart skin electrics/ electronics are part of the EIV end-game |
6.4. | Structural electronics (referring to electrics and electronics) is the end game for most EIV components |
6.5. | Lightweighting of electronic components |
6.6. | Tesla S chassis largely made of aluminium |
7. | NEXT GENERATION ENERGY STORAGE |
7.1. | Overview |
7.2. | Energy storage technologies in comparison |
7.3. | Next generation batteries: summary |
7.4. | Why post lithium-ion batteries now? |
7.5. | Li-ion performance will plateau even with new materials |
7.5.1. | US DOE projections of traction battery cost |
7.6. | What are post Li-ion battery technology candidates? |
7.7. | Challenges for Post Lithium-ion batteries |
7.8. | Mainstream market requirements: Performance and price |
7.9. | Automotive lithium battery price evolution at pack level |
7.10. | Battery price trends per sector |
7.11. | Technology maturity roadmap per market segment |
7.12. | Technologies of post lithium-ion batteries |
7.13. | Benchmarking of theoretical battery performance |
7.14. | Benchmarking of practical battery performance |
7.15. | Why silicon anode batteries? |
7.15.1. | Silicon anode |
7.16. | Motivation - why lithium sulfur batteries? |
7.17. | Challenges of lithium sulfur battery |
7.18. | Why solid state li-ion or other batteries? |
7.18.1. | Solid state batteries? |
7.19. | Lithium capacitor |
7.20. | Supercapacitors |
7.21. | Supercapacitors and hybrid supercapacitor |
7.21.1. | Nomenclature |
7.22. | Lithium capacitors technology performance of products available today |
7.23. | Sodium ion batteries |
7.24. | Summary of technology challenges for future traction batteries |
7.25. | Bundesverband Solare Mobilität - Federal Association of Solar Mobility |
8. | ENERGY INDEPENDENT VEHICLES IN ACTION |
9. | EIVS ON LAND, ON-ROAD |
9.1. | Stella Lux passenger car Netherlands |
9.2. | Sunswift eVe passenger car Australia |
9.3. | Immortus passenger car, Australia |
9.4. | POLYMODEL micro EV Italy |
9.5. | Venturi Eclectic passenger car Italy |
9.6. | Dalian tourist bus China |
9.7. | NFH-H microbus China |
9.8. | Kayoola large bus Uganda |
9.9. | Cargo Trike micro EV UK |
9.10. | Sunnyclist Greece |
9.11. | InfinitE Scooter |
9.12. | Hanergy China |
9.13. | Sion Germany |
9.14. | Clean Motion Midsummer Sweden |
9.15. | Mobile EIV grocery store China |
9.16. | Solar motor home |
10. | SOLAR RACERS |
10.1. | World Solar Challenge |
10.1.1. | Other solar races |
10.2. | Solar racer technologies - non solar parts |
10.3. | Improvement of solar racer performance parameters |
10.4. | Solar racer technologies - photovoltaics |
10.5. | Power of One solar racer car Canada |
10.6. | Bethany solar racer UK |
10.7. | CUER Resolution solar racer UK |
10.8. | EVA solar racer UK |
10.9. | Nuna 7 solar racer Netherlands |
10.10. | Nuna 8 solar racer Netherlands |
10.11. | Drifter 2.0 solar racer USA |
10.12. | University of Michigan solar racer |
11. | EIVS ON LAND, OFF-ROAD |
11.1. | Vinerobot micro EV Europe |
12. | EIVS ON WATER SEAGOING |
12.1. | REPSAIL boat Poland, Turkey etc |
12.2. | Mayflower Autonomous Research Ship (MARS) UK,USA |
12.3. | RENSEA boat Iceland, Norway, Sweden |
12.4. | Turanor boat Germany |
12.5. | Vaka Moana boat Netherlands |
12.6. | Sun21 boat Switzerland |
12.7. | Seaswarm boat USA |
12.8. | Inerjy EcoVert |
12.9. | SOELCAT boat Netherlands |
12.10. | SeaCharger autonomous solar boat |
12.11. | Solarwave autonomous solar boat |
12.12. | Solar Yacht Zhenfa Holdings |
12.13. | Energy Observer France |
13. | EIVS SEAGOING UNDERWATER |
13.1. | Seaglider AUV boat USA |
13.2. | Cyro AUV jellyfish USA |
14. | EIVS INLAND WATER |
14.1. | Solar racing boats Netherlands |
14.2. | Loon boat Canada |
14.3. | Alster Sun Netherlands, Germany |
14.4. | Towards EIV ships |
14.5. | ECO Marine Japan |
14.6. | Go With The Flow Technologies |
15. | EIVS AIRBORNE INFLATABLE |
15.1. | Nephelios airship France |
15.2. | Northrop Grumman airship USA |
15.3. | Mitre DARPA airship USA |
15.4. | Lockheed Martin HALE-D airship USA |
15.5. | Dirisolar airship France |
15.6. | Turtle airship USA |
15.7. | Brunel solar powered autonomous aircraft |
16. | EIVS FIXED WING |
16.1. | Solarship inflatable fixed wing aircraft Canada |
16.2. | Atlantik Solar 2 UAV Switzerland |
16.3. | Zephyr 7 UAV UK, Germany |
16.4. | Titan Aerospace UAV USA |
16.5. | Solar Eagle UAV USA |
16.6. | Facebook AQUILA UAV US, UK |
16.7. | Aquila UAV USA, UK |
16.8. | Silent Falcon UAV USA |
16.9. | Helios UAV USA |
16.10. | Sunstar USA |
16.11. | Sunseeker Duo USA |
16.12. | Solar Impulse Switzerland |
16.13. | SolarStratos Switzerland |
16.14. | China Aerospace |
16.15. | Upper Atmosphere Dual Aircraft Platform vs Solar Plane |
17. | EIV TECHNOLOGY SPAWNS ADVANCES FOR ALL VEHICLES |
17.1. | EIV technology spawns advances for all vehicles |
17.2. | Energy Independent Vehicles: here come the benefits |
슬라이드 | 226 |
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전망 | 2027 |