This report has been updated. Click here to view latest edition.
If you have previously purchased the archived report below then please use the download links on the right to download the files.
1. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY |
1.1. | Definition, attitudes, overall trend |
1.2. | Types of EIV and related vehicles |
1.2.1. | EIV operational choices |
1.3. | Key EIV technologies |
1.4. | Examples of EIV technologies past, present and concept - on land |
1.5. | Technologies of EIVs past, present and concept - on and under water |
1.6. | Technologies of EIVs past, present and concept - in the air |
1.7. | Executive summary and conclusions: EIV Technology roadmap 2017-2037 |
1.8. | Market forecast 2017 and 2028 |
2. | INTRODUCTION |
2.1. | Energy Independent Vehicles: energy, definition and function |
2.2. | Definition and primary features |
2.3. | What is energy harvesting? |
2.4. | Characteristics of the High Power Energy Harvesting essential to EIVs |
2.4.1. | Power density provided by different forms of HPEH |
2.5. | Good features and challenges of the four most important EH technologies in order of importance |
2.6. | High power energy harvesting: examples with intermittency and suppliers |
2.7. | Efficiency achieved and theoretical potential for improving efficiency of energy harvesting in and on EIVs |
2.8. | Energy harvesting technologies with examples of good features in blue |
2.8.1. | More EH in a vehicle |
2.9. | Intermittent power generated |
2.10. | Comparison of pn junction and photoelectrochemical photovoltaics |
2.11. | Priorities for high power EH in EIVs, for primary traction power, with examples |
2.12. | Main PV options beyond silicon |
2.13. | Chasing affordable, ultra-lightweight conformal PV for EIVs |
2.13.1. | Best Research Cell Efficiencies |
2.14. | Thin, lightweight Fresnel lens concentrator |
2.15. | PV cost and efficiency trends |
2.16. | Lizard EIVs |
2.17. | Toyota view in 2017 with image of the new Prius Prime solar roof |
3. | NEW FORMATS ARE VERY IMPORTANT FOR EIVS |
3.1. | New formats are very important for EIVs |
3.2. | Colloidal Quantum Dot spray on solar? |
3.3. | But mostly still silicon today |
3.4. | Harvesting technologies now and in future for air vehicles |
3.5. | Overlap between mechanically and electrically energy independent vehicles |
3.5.1. | Examples of e-fiber projects aimed at use in vehicles |
3.5.2. | European Powerweave project: airships & sails |
3.6. | Hybrid piezo photovoltaic material |
3.7. | Triboelectricity is being developed for car tires in 2015 |
3.8. | EIVs - more than adding something to a vehicle |
3.9. | EH system |
3.10. | Qualcomm vision - next enabling and transitional technologies |
3.11. | Autonomous operation + EIV: a synergistic ecosystem |
3.12. | Dynamic wireless charging - stepping stone to EIV |
3.12.1. | Korea - dynamic charging from road |
3.13. | Dynamic charging will use very low cost electricity |
3.14. | Reinventing wind turbines for use on boats, ships, aircraft, land vehicles wind turbines for use on boats, ships, aircraft, land vehicles |
3.14.1. | Energy positive large buses will come |
4. | ENERGY HARVESTING AS SYSTEMS IN EIVS |
4.1. | EH system |
4.2. | Internal vehicle efficiency improvement by EH - progress towards EIVs |
5. | EXTREME POWERTRAIN EFFICIENCY |
6. | EXTREME LIGHTWEIGHTING |
6.1. | Overview |
6.2. | Lightweighting materials |
6.2.1. | De-icing heater as part of an aircraft wing |
6.2.2. | Use of aluminium and plastics to have microcar weight |
6.3. | Load-bearing and smart skin electrics/ electronics are part of the EIV end-game |
6.4. | Structural electronics (referring to electrics and electronics) is the end game for most EIV components |
6.5. | Lightweighting of electronic components |
6.6. | Tesla S chassis largely made of aluminium |
7. | NEXT GENERATION ENERGY STORAGE |
7.1. | Overview |
7.2. | Energy storage technologies in comparison |
7.3. | Next generation batteries: summary |
7.4. | Why post lithium-ion batteries now? |
7.5. | Li-ion performance will plateau even with new materials |
7.5.1. | US DOE projections of traction battery cost |
7.6. | What are post Li-ion battery technology candidates? |
7.7. | Challenges for Post Lithium-ion batteries |
7.8. | Mainstream market requirements: Performance and price |
7.9. | Automotive lithium battery price evolution at pack level |
7.10. | Battery price trends per sector |
7.11. | Technology maturity roadmap per market segment |
7.12. | Technologies of post lithium-ion batteries |
7.13. | Benchmarking of theoretical battery performance |
7.14. | Benchmarking of practical battery performance |
7.15. | Why silicon anode batteries? |
7.15.1. | Silicon anode |
7.16. | Motivation - why lithium sulfur batteries? |
7.17. | Challenges of lithium sulfur battery |
7.18. | Why solid state li-ion or other batteries? |
7.18.1. | Solid state batteries? |
7.19. | Lithium capacitor |
7.20. | Supercapacitors |
7.21. | Supercapacitors and hybrid supercapacitor |
7.21.1. | Nomenclature |
7.22. | Lithium capacitors technology performance of products available today |
7.23. | Sodium ion batteries |
7.24. | Summary of technology challenges for future traction batteries |
7.25. | Bundesverband Solare Mobilität - Federal Association of Solar Mobility |
8. | ENERGY INDEPENDENT VEHICLES IN ACTION |
9. | EIVS ON LAND, ON-ROAD |
9.1. | Stella Lux passenger car Netherlands |
9.2. | Sunswift eVe passenger car Australia |
9.3. | Immortus passenger car, Australia |
9.4. | POLYMODEL micro EV Italy |
9.5. | Venturi Eclectic passenger car Italy |
9.6. | Dalian tourist bus China |
9.7. | NFH-H microbus China |
9.8. | Kayoola large bus Uganda |
9.9. | Cargo Trike micro EV UK |
9.10. | Sunnyclist Greece |
9.11. | InfinitE Scooter |
9.12. | Hanergy China |
9.13. | Sion Germany |
9.14. | Clean Motion Midsummer Sweden |
9.15. | Mobile EIV grocery store China |
9.16. | Solar motor home |
10. | SOLAR RACERS |
10.1. | World Solar Challenge |
10.1.1. | Other solar races |
10.2. | Solar racer technologies - non solar parts |
10.3. | Improvement of solar racer performance parameters |
10.4. | Solar racer technologies - photovoltaics |
10.5. | Power of One solar racer car Canada |
10.6. | Bethany solar racer UK |
10.7. | CUER Resolution solar racer UK |
10.8. | EVA solar racer UK |
10.9. | Nuna 7 solar racer Netherlands |
10.10. | Nuna 8 solar racer Netherlands |
10.11. | Drifter 2.0 solar racer USA |
10.12. | University of Michigan solar racer |
11. | EIVS ON LAND, OFF-ROAD |
11.1. | Vinerobot micro EV Europe |
12. | EIVS ON WATER SEAGOING |
12.1. | REPSAIL boat Poland, Turkey etc |
12.2. | Mayflower Autonomous Research Ship (MARS) UK,USA |
12.3. | RENSEA boat Iceland, Norway, Sweden |
12.4. | Turanor boat Germany |
12.5. | Vaka Moana boat Netherlands |
12.6. | Sun21 boat Switzerland |
12.7. | Seaswarm boat USA |
12.8. | Inerjy EcoVert |
12.9. | SOELCAT boat Netherlands |
12.10. | SeaCharger autonomous solar boat |
12.11. | Solarwave autonomous solar boat |
12.12. | Solar Yacht Zhenfa Holdings |
12.13. | Energy Observer France |
13. | EIVS SEAGOING UNDERWATER |
13.1. | Seaglider AUV boat USA |
13.2. | Cyro AUV jellyfish USA |
14. | EIVS INLAND WATER |
14.1. | Solar racing boats Netherlands |
14.2. | Loon boat Canada |
14.3. | Alster Sun Netherlands, Germany |
14.4. | Towards EIV ships |
14.5. | ECO Marine Japan |
14.6. | Go With The Flow Technologies |
15. | EIVS AIRBORNE INFLATABLE |
15.1. | Nephelios airship France |
15.2. | Northrop Grumman airship USA |
15.3. | Mitre DARPA airship USA |
15.4. | Lockheed Martin HALE-D airship USA |
15.5. | Dirisolar airship France |
15.6. | Turtle airship USA |
15.7. | Brunel solar powered autonomous aircraft |
16. | EIVS FIXED WING |
16.1. | Solarship inflatable fixed wing aircraft Canada |
16.2. | Atlantik Solar 2 UAV Switzerland |
16.3. | Zephyr 7 UAV UK, Germany |
16.4. | Titan Aerospace UAV USA |
16.5. | Solar Eagle UAV USA |
16.6. | Facebook AQUILA UAV US, UK |
16.7. | Aquila UAV USA, UK |
16.8. | Silent Falcon UAV USA |
16.9. | Helios UAV USA |
16.10. | Sunstar USA |
16.11. | Sunseeker Duo USA |
16.12. | Solar Impulse Switzerland |
16.13. | SolarStratos Switzerland |
16.14. | China Aerospace |
16.15. | Upper Atmosphere Dual Aircraft Platform vs Solar Plane |
17. | EIV TECHNOLOGY SPAWNS ADVANCES FOR ALL VEHICLES |
17.1. | EIV technology spawns advances for all vehicles |
17.2. | Energy Independent Vehicles: here come the benefits |
Slides | 226 |
---|---|
Forecasts to | 2027 |