Life Cycle Cost of Ownership for PEVs in Real World Driving (Electric Vehicles: Everything is Changing)

This paper presents a lifecycle cost of ownership (LCO) model/software that includes the effects of real world driving and the uncertainty in the costs of gasoline and electricity in future years. The real world driving effects included are differences in driving cycle (speed and grade vs. time and distance) and the operation of the heating and cooling systems in the PEVs. The model is incorporated into a dynamic analytic tool that can be used to understand questions related to LCO. The effect of heating and cooling were analyzed by altering the accessory inputs to Advisor. The fuel economy outputs were then input to the LCO model along with relevant parameters such as fuel prices, vehicle cost incentives, costs for insurance, parking, and maintenance. The fuel and electricity prices were stochastically varied to simulate expected future increases and uncertainties. The output of the model is not a fixed cost but rather a distribution of expected costs that can have significant variation. The Advisor model runs showed that increased accessory loads from heating or cooling can have a large effect on fuel economy and range for vehicles operating in electric mode. The LCO varied up to 15% based on the choice of drive cycle. The stochastic treatment of fuel and gasoline prices resulted in spreads of the ownership costs of 10-20% for the PHEVs depending on their gasoline usage.

Dr. Burke holds B.S. and M.S. degrees in Applied Mathematics from Carnegie Institute of Technology, a M.A. degree in Aerospace Engineering and a Ph.D. in Aerospace and Mechanical Sciences from Princeton University.

 

Since 1974, his career work has involved many aspects of electric and hybrid vehicle design, analysis, and testing. Dr. Burke joined the Research Faculty of the Institute of Transportation Studies at UC Davis in July 1994. He has performed research on and taught graduate courses on advanced electric driveline technologies specializing on batteries, ultracapacitors, fuel cells, and hybrid vehicle design, control and simulation. Dr. Burke has authored over 120 reports and papers on electric and hybrid vehicles, batteries, and ultracapacitors.

For more than 100 years, UC Davis has engaged in teaching, research and public service that matter to California and transform the world. Located close to the state capital, UC Davis has more than 33,000 students, more than 2,500 faculty and more than 21,000 staff, an annual research budget of nearly $750 million, a comprehensive health system and 13 specialized research centers. The university offers interdisciplinary graduate study and more than 100 undergraduate majors in four colleges — Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Engineering, and Letters and Science. It also houses six professional schools — Education, Law, Management, Medicine, Veterinary Medicine and the Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing.