The transportation sector, responsible for about 25% of energy-related CO2 emissions, faces a critical decarbonization challenge. While EVs and low-carbon fuels like hydrogen and ammonia are part of the solution, advanced biofuels and e-fuels are emerging as crucial alternatives, especially for hard-to-electrify sectors such as aviation, shipping, and heavy-duty road transport.
Conventional first-generation bioethanol and biodiesel from food crops have dominated the sustainable fuel market, but concerns over food competition, emissions, and land use are driving a shift towards more advanced alternatives. Second-generation biofuels like renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), derived from non-food sources like lignocellulosic biomass and agricultural residues, offer improved sustainability. E-fuels, or power-to-liquid (PtL) fuels, represent a promising development in sustainable fuels industry. Produced by combining green hydrogen with captured CO2, they offer a path to carbon-neutral fuels. Examples include e-methanol and liquid e-fuels like e-gasoline, e-diesel, and e-kerosene (e-SAF).
While first-generation biofuels currently dominate the overall market, second-generation biofuels lead within the advanced biofuel category. However, e-fuels are gaining traction due to their potential for unlimited feedstock, carbon neutrality, and regulatory support in Europe and the US.
- Introduction to conventional biofuels, advanced biofuels & e-fuels
- Sustainable fuel policy & market drivers
- Key production technologies & pathways
- Recent innovations in production technologies
- Information on key market players, including technology OEMs, project developers & sustainable fuel end-users
- Market outlook & summary