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1. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS |
1.1. | Definitions |
1.2. | EVs will change the world |
1.3. | Megatrends affected by and affecting EV markets |
1.4. | Why EVs are chosen |
1.4.1. | Examples of market pull |
1.4.2. | Examples of market push: |
1.4.3. | Some reasons for buying electric vehicles by type |
1.5. | The size of the business opportunity is larger than realised |
1.6. | No steady progress to fewer components |
1.7. | Good and bad strategies |
1.8. | The end game is not as popularly portrayed |
1.9. | Electric vehicle powertrain evolution: typical figures expected for cars |
1.10. | Mayhem in the car market: number K |
1.11. | Progression of vehicle powertrain electrification |
1.11.1. | The future is electrification |
1.11.2. | From range anxiety to range superiority |
1.11.3. | Key enabling technologies by powertrain |
1.11.4. | Relative importance of powertrain and autonomy hardware markets 2018-2038 |
1.12. | Cheaper to buy is the killer blow |
1.13. | Very different cost structures across the world: watch buses and cars |
1.14. | Evolution of battery energy density and cost |
1.15. | Market forecasts in 46 categories |
1.15.1. | The 46 categories characterised |
1.15.2. | Global forecasts by number 2018-2028 |
1.15.3. | Global forecasts by ex-factory unit value 2018-2028 |
1.15.4. | Global forecasts by total market value 2018-2028 |
1.15.5. | Top five EV value markets 2018 |
1.15.6. | Top five EV value markets 2028 |
1.15.7. | Cars 2014-6 by powertrain and region Number K |
1.16. | League table of EV manufacturers 2017 $ billion |
1.17. | EV manufacturer numbers by sector showing where most are profitable |
1.18. | Milestone in 2017 |
1.19. | The leaders in pure electric cars in 2017 |
1.20. | World's first autonomous and zero emissions ship |
1.21. | Unintended consequences advance electric car take-off |
1.22. | Fuel cell vehicles enter serious production |
1.23. | Electric car breakeven in context in 2017-8 |
1.23.1. | The saga of the future of automobile industry |
1.23.2. | Peak in overall car sales then peak in electric car sales k globally - goodbye to many things |
1.23.3. | Electric vehicle powertrain evolution: typical figures expected for cars |
1.23.4. | Key enabling technologies by powertrain |
2. | INTRODUCTION |
2.1. | What, where? |
2.1.1. | What are they |
2.1.2. | What is the biggest applicational sector? |
2.1.3. | What is the end game? |
2.1.4. | Jargon buster |
2.2. | How are they made? |
2.2.1. | Key enabling technologies are changing |
2.2.2. | Energy harvesting and regeneration becomes important |
2.2.3. | Examples of powerful sources of on-board electricity for EVs, actual and potential |
2.2.4. | Voltages |
2.3. | Lessons past, present and future |
2.4. | Pure electric vehicle viability: small vehicles first |
2.5. | On-road Plug-in EV sales to 2015 |
2.6. | The largest value market for e-cars |
2.7. | The China phenomenon |
2.7.1. | Largest car, bus and e-bus market 2017 |
2.7.2. | Market drivers in China |
2.7.3. | Targets, influences, new value chain in China |
2.8. | EV end game: Energy Independent Vehicles EIV |
2.8.1. | Round the world on sunshine |
2.8.2. | Key EIV technologies |
2.9. | Huge impact of autonomous car as bus is calculated in 2017 |
2.10. | China weeds out small EV companies, pushes big ones harder |
2.11. | Assessments by the EV industry |
2.11.1. | Market drivers - PSA, AVL and Morgan Stanley view |
2.11.2. | Investment rises but car sales peak |
2.11.3. | Cost competitive |
2.11.4. | Pollution challenge |
2.11.5. | Session description |
2.11.6. | Fuel cells downplayed |
2.11.7. | Electrification of Daimler and PSA powertrains |
2.11.8. | Pure electric leveraging autonomy |
2.11.9. | Inductive charging and HEV gets squeezed |
2.11.10. | 48V Mild hybrids |
2.11.11. | Optimisation of 48V ICE |
2.11.12. | Rationale for two motor generators |
2.11.13. | Traction motors - In wheel traction motor rationale |
3. | INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL EVS |
3.1. | Introduction |
3.2. | Market dynamics |
3.2.1. | Buses biggest sub-sector |
3.2.2. | Material handling/ intralogistics next biggest sub-sector for now |
3.2.3. | Innovation usually before cars because up-front cost not as critical |
3.3. | Buses trends |
3.3.1. | Powertrain evolution |
3.3.2. | Small buses and delivery trucks |
3.4. | Rocketing sales of plug-in buses in China (PEV+PHEV) |
3.5. | Progress of Yutong, global market leader and its opinion |
3.6. | Small commercial and industrial vehicles innovate |
3.6.1. | IFEVS EIV pizza van self-powers travel, oven, lighting |
3.7. | Trucks and school buses |
3.8. | Energy Independent Industrial and Commercial vehicles |
3.8.1. | Lizard tourist bus |
3.8.2. | Solar Ship EIV helium inflatable fixed wing aircraft Canada autonomous, sun alone |
3.9. | League tables of manufacturers |
3.9.1. | Industrial forklift league table with acquisitions |
3.9.2. | Chinese bus sales league table |
3.10. | Tesla Semi: off grid charging vital for payback |
4. | ELECTRIC CARS |
4.1. | Car demand: 15 year view |
4.2. | Chinese car manufacturers coming up fast |
4.3. | Examples of policy support mechanisms for plug-in electric cars 2015 |
4.4. | Autonomous cars are best when they are electric |
4.4.1. | Demand for autonomous cars |
4.5. | The attack on the car |
4.6. | Market figures 2015-6 Cars will remain a huge business for decades and new opportunities will arise from the ashes |
5. | MICRO EVS, E-BIKES, E-SCOOTERS, E-MOTORBIKES, MOBILITY FOR DISABLED |
5.1. | Commonality and classification |
5.2. | Parameters by category |
5.3. | Many types of micro EV and two wheeler |
5.4. | Terra Motors: superb market knowledge and unique approach |
5.5. | Many other examples, recent news |
5.6. | Toyota MicroEV: targetting 300K in Europe for postal deliveries |
5.7. | Mobility for the disabled |
5.7.1. | Overview |
5.7.2. | The demographic time-bomb |
5.7.3. | Sub types and latest innovations |
5.8. | These types as Energy Independent Vehicles EIV: microbus, power chair, delivery e-bike, agrobot, microcar |
6. | MARINE EVS |
6.1. | Overview |
6.2. | Marine EV categories |
6.3. | Favoured trends for marine EV technologies |
6.4. | Other benefits of marine EVs |
6.5. | Examples of marine EV making new things possible |
6.6. | Large emission from marine vessels |
6.7. | Government regulations for the marine industry |
6.8. | Key drivers for electrification of marine vessels |
6.9. | Electrification in action - Fuel Cell Propulsion |
6.10. | Conclusions and outlook |
7. | 7. MANNED ELECTRIC AIRCRAFT |
7.1. | Why go electric for manned aircraft? |
7.2. | How to transition to electric aircraft: MEA, hybrid, pure electric |
7.3. | MEA issues and opportunities |
7.4. | Where electric aircraft are headed: range anxiety to range superiority |
7.5. | Manned aircraft lagged land-based electric vehicles |
7.5.1. | Great achievements |
7.5.2. | Little business |
7.5.3. | Hybrids should have been first |
7.5.4. | Hybrids: running before you can walk |
7.6. | Trend to larger electric aircraft |
7.6.1. | Overview of major issues |
7.6.2. | Viability of pure electric larger aircraft: timeline |
7.7. | Electrification of aircraft in general: rapid progress |
7.8. | Electric aircraft already commercialised |
7.8.1. | Examples |
7.8.2. | Viability of electric primary trainers already |
7.9. | Routes to further commercialisation of electric aircraft |
7.10. | Pure electric manned aircraft arriving |
7.11. | Hybrid electric aircraft arriving |
7.11.1. | HYPSTAIR powertrain for general aviation |
7.11.2. | Hybrid electric helicopters, mullticopters |
7.11.3. | Airbus eThrust concept with DEP |
7.11.4. | NASA Sceptor concept with DEP |
7.12. | Flying cars: needed or possible? |
7.12.1. | Flying cars using airports |
7.12.2. | Only single seat is viable? |
7.12.3. | Combatting urban gridlock: better alternatives |
7.12.4. | Hybrid VTOL flying car feasibility |
7.13. | Choice of powertrains is influenced by many factors |
7.14. | New end game: Energy Independent Vehicles EIV |
7.15. | Key enabling technologies in future: examples |
7.15.1. | Energy harvesting including regeneration |
7.15.2. | Structural electronics tears up the rule book |
7.15.3. | Power electronics and other key enablers |
7.16. | Less mechanics: more electronics |
7.17. | Becoming one business land, water, air - hybrid and pure electric |
7.18. | Regulations have impeded small e-aircraft in the USA |
7.19. | Ambition and freedom in Europe |
7.20. | Progress in East Asia |
7.20.1. | China |
7.20.2. | Japan |
7.21. | Market forecasts |
7.21.1. | Timelines 2016-2031: IDTechEx, Airbus, Rolls Royce, others |
7.21.2. | Rolls Royce timeline |
7.21.3. | MEA target and roadmaps converge to EV for 2035 |
8. | ELECTRIC DRONES: UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES (UAVS) |
8.1. | Definition |
8.2. | Types of drone - toy/ personal electric |
8.3. | Types of drone - other small electric |
8.4. | Benefits and issues |
8.5. | How does it impact society? |
8.6. | Civil drone applications |
8.7. | Most successful pure electric UAV |
8.8. | All parts subject to disruptive change |
9. | SOME OF THE KEY ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES |
9.1. | The key enabling technologies are changing |
9.2. | New electric powertrains will often be more complex |
9.3. | Energy storage |
9.3.1. | Rapid change |
9.3.2. | Rated power vs energy stored by technology |
9.3.3. | The role of energy storage technologies in electric vehicles |
9.3.4. | EV battery impact |
9.3.5. | EV lithium battery pack price to 2030 |
9.3.6. | Lithium-ion traction battery chemistry preferences |
9.3.7. | New Li technology maturity per market segment |
9.4. | Forecasts of energy density by type 2016 - 2028 |
9.5. | Rapid scale-up with rapid change of product spells trouble |
9.6. | Safety Warning |
9.7. | Fuel cells |
9.7.1. | Basics |
9.7.2. | Credibility |
9.7.3. | Where is fuel cell success? |
9.7.4. | The keenest countries |
9.7.5. | Challenges and future |
9.8. | Rotating Electrical Machines and their controls |
9.8.1. | Jargon buster |
9.8.2. | Great improvements in traction motors with their controls are both needed and possible |
9.8.3. | REM technologies performance in powertrains: the show so far |
9.8.4. | Toyota: Big Gains from Downsizing PM Motor for 2016-7 models |
9.8.5. | One business land, water, air - hybrid and pure electric |
9.8.6. | Move to more than one REM per EV |
9.8.7. | Move to integration - Volkswagen approach to device integration |
9.8.8. | Effect of move to plug-in EVs |
9.8.9. | Race for lightweight electric aircraft motors |
9.8.10. | Technology choices |
9.9. | Energy harvesting including regeneration |
9.9.1. | Harvesting for on-road vehicles |
9.9.2. | Harvesting for marine vehicles |
9.9.3. | Harvesting for air vehicles |
Slides | 395 |
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Forecasts to | 2028 |