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Electric Vehicles and Robotics in Mining 2020-2030

Hybrid, battery electric, microgrid charging

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Mine operators must improve safety, environmental and financial aspects while tackling mining that is often more remote, dangerous and hot making staffing more problematical. The new IDTechEx report, "Electric Vehicles and Robotics for Mining 2020-2030" shows how electric vehicles and increasingly unmanned mines tick the boxes in addressing all these challenges from sea floor to mountain, deep mine and open pit work.
 
The report provides uniquely up-to-date, penetrating analysis and forecasts of the technology and markets globally. It is for all in the mining vehicle value chain from investors, researchers and materials suppliers to vehicle and component manufacturers, operators, system integrators, mining operators and legislators. Many mining vehicles are among the most power-hungry EVs, yet they are located where pressure for zero-emission local electricity supply is strengthening. It is therefore futile to analyse mining electrification without addressing where that zero-emission electricity will come from, so we do that too - zero emission microgrids.
 
This 292 page report has an Executive Summary and Conclusions sufficient in itself because it gives ten year forecasts in five categories, six key market drivers in detail and infograms of the mines of the future and the many new challenges. See 20 key conclusions grouped by industry, regional and technological. Mining capex and trend is clarified by a new infogram. Development timeline, patent trend and progress to price parity with diesel by vehicle type are graphed. The Introduction then scopes mining basics, leading miners and new challenges, threats and incentives, the mining equipment market and what is and is not an electric vehicle. Here are powertrain options emerging, huge scope for vehicle simplification, emissions data and targets, the future types of mine and progress to electrification and unmanned mines - all in some detail with many latest examples and summary charts.
 
Chapter 3 brings it to life with profiles and products in "Mining BEV Appraisal: 23 Manufacturers". That includes SOFT reports on leaders, executive responses and latest products. At the halfway point in the report, Chapter 4 introduces six key enabling technologies and their future for mining electric vehicles, pure electric and hybrid. For each, the ten-year roadmap is in focus. See electric motor options that work inversely as generators and transform mechanical energy into electric energy, both for hybrid and full electric, with mining examples. Compared to diesel, electric traction is more even, controllable, faster responding and stronger from start. Motors are key to achieving long range/ endurance and best performance. Traction battery systems are covered including battery charging and swapping. Understand supercapacitors for energy recovery and storage. Their high-power capabilities can recover up to 80% of the kinetic energy of the energy as opposed to 30% in batteries when braking the vehicle and its swinging, digging and lifting tools. Next comes Power Electronics - its uses and why it will sometimes overtake batteries as the largest percentage of powertrain cost and capability. Solar bodywork is examined as it comes to surface mining in the form of expanding solar panels on trucks and more. Zero-emission transportable microgrids for charging the vehicles are introduced but due to their new importance, there follows a whole Chapter 5 "Energy Independent, Zero Emission Mines", including the new transportable, lower-intermittency options of open-sea wave and tidal power, river power and airborne wind energy to supplement or replace today's battery solar and wind turbines. A seventh key technology - Autonomy - is important enough to have a Chapter 6 and 7. Chapter 6 is Autonomous and Remotely Operated Mining Vehicles in Action and Chapter 7 is Autonomy Components and Integration so the report "Electric Vehicles and Robotics for Mining 2020-2030" gives the full picture. Nothing else comes close because it is based on PhD level, multi-lingual IDTechEx analysts travelling intensively and studying the subject for decades.
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1.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
1.1.Purpose and scope of this report
1.2.Why we need pure electric mining vehicles
1.3.Types of mine emerging beyond open pit
1.3.1.Deep mines, block caving and sea floor
1.3.2.Open pit (open cast) all-electric mine of the future
1.3.3.Electric land and air deep pit vehicles charging from zero emission microgrids
1.3.4.Making the electricity
1.4.Primary conclusions of this report: industry
1.5.Primary conclusions of this report: regional
1.6.Primary conclusions of this report: technical
1.7.Market forecasts number k electric mining vehicles 2020-2030
1.8.Market forecasts unit price $k mining electric land vehicles 2020-2030
1.9.Market forecasts mining electric land vehicles 2020-2030 - market value $m
1.10.Predicting when mining pure electric vehicles have lower up-front price vs diesel 2020-2040
1.10.1.Evidence of the price parity/ size trend
1.11.Mining vehicle market outlook
1.12.Adoption timeline for mining EVs and infrastructure 2020-2030
2.INTRODUCTION
2.1.Mining today
2.2.Mining basics
2.3.Mining gets more challenging
2.4.More mining needed
2.5.Threats and incentives
2.6.Mining equipment market estimates
2.7.Electric vehicles EV vs non-electric vehicles
2.8.Vehicles used in both construction and mining
2.9.Hybrids as interim stage
2.10.Powertrain trends by type of mining vehicle
2.11.Vehicle simplification
2.11.1.Reduce diesel mining vehicle parts by 90% with electrics: same as with cars
2.12.Pollution control
2.12.1.Carbon dioxide emissions from mobile machinery
2.12.2.Emission push for pure electric equipment
2.13.Major equipment manufacturers: 11 examples of CAM coverage
2.14.Dana Oerlikon
2.15.Here come mines electrified then unmanned
2.15.1.Overview
2.15.2.Goldcorp Chapleau unmanned electric mine 2020
2.16.Sustainable mining
2.17.Future of quarrying
2.18.Future of underground mining
2.19.Mining EV manufacturers by type and maturity 2020
2.20.EVs in operation by mine: examples
2.21.Examples of EVs for mines
2.22.Examples: load haul dump LHD
3.MINING BEV APPRAISAL: 22 MANUFACTURERS
3.1.Artisan Vehicle Systems (Sandvik)
3.2.BYD
3.3.Caterpillar
3.4.Deere & Co
3.5.Energetique Mining Vehicles
3.6.Epiroc
3.7.ETF Mining
3.8.GE Mining
3.9.Hitachi
3.10.Komatsu including Joy Global, Le Tourneau
3.11.Liebherr Group
3.12.LuiGong
3.13.Maclean Engineering
3.14.Medatech
3.15.Miller Technology
3.16.Normet
3.17.OJSC Belaz
3.18.Partisan Motors
3.19.RDH Scharf AG
3.20.Sandvik
3.21.Sany
3.22.Volvo Group
4.ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES
4.1.Seven key EV enabling technologies for mining EVs
4.2.Here come moveable, minimal energy storage microgrids
4.3.Progress to CAM electrics with off-grid zero emission
4.4.Overview of electrics in mining vehicles
4.5.Traction motors
4.5.1.Overview
4.5.2.Operating principles for EV use
4.5.3.Electric motor choices in EVs for CAM applications
4.5.4.Example: Le Tourneau and others
4.5.5.Choices of motor position
4.5.6.Dana Corp. including TM4
4.5.7.Saminco
4.5.8.Siemens
4.5.9.Motor trends: Protean Electric, Lightyear, YASA
4.5.10.Ziehl-Abegg in-wheel drive for trucks etc.
4.5.11.Autonomous Tractor Corp.: lesson for mining
4.5.12.Possible long term trend of motor technology
4.6.Batteries and supercapacitors
4.6.1.Overview
4.6.2.Battery requirements for CAM electric vehicles
4.6.3.Example: JCB excavators
4.6.4.Future W/kg vs Wh/kg 2020-2030
4.6.5.Energy density 2020-2030
4.6.6.Disadvantages of Li-ion batteries
4.6.7.Forecast of Li-ion battery cost (industrial) $/kWh)
4.6.8.Battery packs
4.6.9.BYD
4.6.10.Akasol
4.6.11.Lithium storage GmbH
4.6.12.Battery Packs - Saminco
4.7.How to charge mining vehicles
4.7.1.The challenge
4.7.2.Solar bodywork
4.7.3.Solar gensets
4.7.4.Envision Solar transportable solar tracks the sun
4.7.5.Floatovoltaics and mining
4.7.6.Anatomy of a typical solar + battery microgrid
4.7.7.Solar vs diesel cost analysis
5.ENERGY INDEPENDENT, ZERO EMISSION MINES
5.1.Mining by use of self-produced zero emission electricity
5.2.Zero emission microgrids: solar, water, wind reinvented
5.3.New options beyond solar: relocatable, much less intermittent
5.4.Open tide "tide stream" power options mimic wind power options
5.5.Comparison of off-grid technology options
5.6.New power generating technology kVA comparison
5.7.Airborne Wind Energy developers
5.8.Open sea wave power technologies
5.9.Fuel cell and other hybrids
6.AUTONOMOUS AND REMOTELY OPERATED MINING VEHICLES IN ACTION
6.1.Overview
6.2.Challenges
6.3.Built Robotics
6.4.Gemini Scout
6.5.Julius
6.6.UNEXMiN
6.7.Simba W6-C
6.8.Komatsu
6.9.GMG mining robot guidelines
7.AUTONOMY COMPONENTS AND INTEGRATION
7.1.Overview
7.2.Lidars
7.3.Radars
7.4.AI software and computing platform
7.5.High-definition (HD) map
 

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Emerging multi-billion dollar market - enabling unmanned mines, improved margins, green credentials

Report Statistics

Slides 298
Forecasts to 2030
 

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